---
title: Describe the means by which the maiden determined that Owen was livi… — Mabinogion, The Lady of the Fountain,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Describe the means by which the maiden determined that Owen was living after he had been found beside the lake. Exam question 3 of lesson 1326 «Mabinogion, The Lady of the Fountain, part 51: Owen is healed by a widowed countess and rides out to fight the earl who wants her lands» of the books course
---

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# Exam question 3 · Mabinogion, The Lady of the Fountain, part 51: Owen is hea…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Describe the means by which the maiden determined that Owen was living after he had been found beside the lake.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, the, maiden, Owen · **What happens:** describe, mean, determine, live, find · **To what, where:** Owen, lake · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 1326 «Mabinogion, The Lady of the Fountain, part 51: Owen is healed by a widowed countess and rides out to fight the earl who wants her lands» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1326-pg3454-part51/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1326-pg3454-part51:e3:1
# text = Describe the means by which the maiden determined that Owen was living after he had been found beside the lake.
1	Describe	describe	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	maiden	maiden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	determined	determine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	Owen	Owen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	living	live	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	ccomp	_	_
13	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
15	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	advcl	_	_
18	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **determine** | past | the maiden |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **live** | past · progressive | Owen |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **find** | past · perfect · passive |  | Owen |  | the lake |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She listened for his breath

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1326-pg3454-part51:e3:o1:1
# text = She listened for his breath
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	listened	listen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **listen** | past | She |  |  |  |  | for his breath | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for breath=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She called his name and waited for a sign

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1326-pg3454-part51:e3:o2:1
# text = She called his name and waited for a sign
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	waited	wait	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past | She | his name |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent name=Recipient |
| 2 | **wait** | past | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for a sign | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **name** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She shook him and watched whether he woke

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1326-pg3454-part51:e3:o3:1
# text = She shook him and watched whether he woke
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shook	shake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	woke	wake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shake** | past | She | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
| 2 | **watch** | past | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **wake** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She poured ointment near his heart and observed whether he moved

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1326-pg3454-part51:e3:o4:1
# text = She poured ointment near his heart and observed whether he moved
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	poured	pour	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ointment	ointment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	near	near	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	observed	observe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pour** | past | She | ointment |  | his heart |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ointment=Patient |
| 2 | **observe** | past | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **move** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Mabinogion, The Lady of the Fountain,…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1326-pg3454-part51/e2/)
- next →: [Mabinogion, The Lady of the Fountain,…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1326-pg3454-part51/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Mabinogion, The Lady of the Fountain, part 51: Owen is healed by a widowed countess and rides out to fight the earl who wants her lands](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1326-pg3454-part51/)