---
title: By what means did the lion overcome the giant at the castle? — Celtic Fairy Tales, Owen and Luned, Ow… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means did the lion overcome the giant at the castle? Exam question 2 of lesson 1327 «Celtic Fairy Tales, Owen and Luned, Owen's lion helps him win Luned back from the giant and the captors» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question 
---

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# Exam question 2 · Celtic Fairy Tales, Owen and Luned, Owen's lion helps him…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means did the lion overcome the giant at the castle?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** mean, do, overcome · **To what, where:** lion, giant, castle · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 1327 «Celtic Fairy Tales, Owen and Luned, Owen's lion helps him win Luned back from the giant and the captors» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1327-pg3454-part52/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1327-pg3454-part52:e2:1
# text = By what means did the lion overcome the giant at the castle?
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
4	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	overcome	overcome	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	obj	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | past |  | the lion |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lion=Eventuality |
| 3 | **overcome** | present |  | the giant |  | the castle |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot giant=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He bit the giant's leg

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1327-pg3454-part52:e2:o1:1
# text = He bit the giant's leg
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bit	bite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	giant	giant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	leg	leg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bite** | past | He | the giant's leg |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He sprang up the wall and dropped on the giant

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1327-pg3454-part52:e2:o2:1
# text = He sprang up the wall and dropped on the giant
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sprang	spring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	dropped	drop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spring up** | past | He | the wall |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wall=Theme |
| 2 | **drop** | participle | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on the giant | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on giant=Trajectory |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He went up the tower and fell on him

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1327-pg3454-part52:e2:o3:1
# text = He went up the tower and fell on him
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go up** | past | He | the tower |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **fall** | past | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on him *= he* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on he=Location |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He climbed the tower and leapt down upon the giant

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1327-pg3454-part52:e2:o4:1
# text = He climbed the tower and leapt down upon the giant
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	climbed	climb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	leapt	leapt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
7	down	down	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	giant	giant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb** | past | He | the tower |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location tower=Theme |
| 2 | **leapt down** | infinitive | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon the giant; down *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Celtic Fairy Tales, Owen and Luned, Ow…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1327-pg3454-part52/e1/)
- next →: [Celtic Fairy Tales, Owen and Luned, Ow…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1327-pg3454-part52/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Celtic Fairy Tales, Owen and Luned, Owen's lion helps him win Luned back from the giant and the captors](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1327-pg3454-part52/)