---
title: By what means did the swan convey Houarn beneath the surface of the… — Celtic Fairy Tales, The Groac'h of the… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means did the swan convey Houarn beneath the surface of the lake? Exam question 3 of lesson 1330 «Celtic Fairy Tales, The Groac'h of the Isle of Lok, part 55: Houarn leaves Bellah and is lured to the Groac'h's shell palace» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tr
---

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# Exam question 3 · Celtic Fairy Tales, The Groac'h of the Isle of Lok, part 5…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means did the swan convey Houarn beneath the surface of the lake?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** swan · **What happens:** mean, convey · **To what, where:** Houarn

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This is exam question 3 of lesson 1330 «Celtic Fairy Tales, The Groac'h of the Isle of Lok, part 55: Houarn leaves Bellah and is lured to the Groac'h's shell palace» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1330-pg3454-part55/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1330-pg3454-part55:e3:1
# text = By what means did the swan convey Houarn beneath the surface of the lake?
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	swan	swan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	convey	convey	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	Houarn	Houarn	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **convey** | past · do-support | the swan | Houarn |  |  |  | beneath the surface of the lake | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent houarn=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by swimming

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1330-pg3454-part55:e3:o1:1
# text = by swimming
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	swimming	swim	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swim** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by diving with him under the foam

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1330-pg3454-part55:e3:o2:1
# text = by diving with him under the foam
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	diving	dive	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	foam	foam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dive** | gerund |  |  |  | the foam |  | with him *= he* | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under foam=Location |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by gliding under the lake's waves

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1330-pg3454-part55:e3:o3:1
# text = by gliding under the lake's waves
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	gliding	glide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **glide** | gerund |  |  |  | the lake's waves |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under wave=Trajectory |
| 2 | **wave** |  | the lake |  |  |  |  |  | nom wave «event transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by swimming with him under the water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1330-pg3454-part55:e3:o4:1
# text = by swimming with him under the water
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	swimming	swim	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swim** | gerund |  |  |  | the water |  | with him *= he* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under water=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Celtic Fairy Tales, The Groac'h of the…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1330-pg3454-part55/e2/)
- next →: [Celtic Fairy Tales, The Groac'h of the…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1330-pg3454-part55/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Celtic Fairy Tales, The Groac'h of the Isle of Lok, part 55: Houarn leaves Bellah and is lured to the Groac'h's shell palace](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1330-pg3454-part55/)