---
title: By what means did Kai and Gwrhyr convey themselves beneath the walls… — Mabinogion, Culhwch and Olwen: Kai's t… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means did Kai and Gwrhyr convey themselves beneath the walls of the prison? Exam question 1 of lesson 1340 «Mabinogion, Culhwch and Olwen: Kai's trick, Mabon freed, and the boar Trwyth chased» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the questi
---

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# Exam question 1 · Mabinogion, Culhwch and Olwen: Kai's trick, Mabon freed, a…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means did Kai and Gwrhyr convey themselves beneath the walls of the prison?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Kai · **What happens:** mean, convey · **To what, where:** Kai

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 1340 «Mabinogion, Culhwch and Olwen: Kai's trick, Mabon freed, and the boar Trwyth chased» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1340-pg3454-part65/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1340-pg3454-part65:e1:1
# text = By what means did Kai and Gwrhyr convey themselves beneath the walls of the prison?
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
5	Kai	Kai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Gwrhyr	Gwrhyr	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	convey	convey	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
9	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	8	obj	_	_
10	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	prison	prison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **convey** | past · do-support | Kai and Gwrhyr | Kai |  |  |  | beneath the walls of the prison | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent themselves=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On a boat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1340-pg3454-part65:e1:o1:1
# text = On a boat
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Upon the shoulders of the salmon

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1340-pg3454-part65:e1:o2:1
# text = Upon the shoulders of the salmon
1	Upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	salmon	salmon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Upon the back of a great otter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1340-pg3454-part65:e1:o3:1
# text = Upon the back of a great otter
1	Upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	otter	otter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By means of a cask on the water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1340-pg3454-part65:e1:o4:1
# text = By means of a cask on the water
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cask	cask	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of a cask on the water | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- next →: [Mabinogion, Culhwch and Olwen: Kai's t…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1340-pg3454-part65/e2/)
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