---
title: Upon the death of Yspaddaden Penkawr, by whose hand was his head sev… — Mabinogion, Culhwch and Olwen: Kai's t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Upon the death of Yspaddaden Penkawr, by whose hand was his head severed? Exam question 3 of lesson 1340 «Mabinogion, Culhwch and Olwen: Kai's trick, Mabon freed, and the boar Trwyth chased» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of 
---

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# Exam question 3 · Mabinogion, Culhwch and Olwen: Kai's trick, Mabon freed, a…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Upon the death of Yspaddaden Penkawr, by whose hand was his head severed?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** hand, Yspaddaden · **What happens:** be, sever, die

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 1340 «Mabinogion, Culhwch and Olwen: Kai's trick, Mabon freed, and the boar Trwyth chased» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1340-pg3454-part65/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1340-pg3454-part65:e3:1
# text = Upon the death of Yspaddaden Penkawr, by whose hand was his head severed?
1	Upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Yspaddaden	Yspaddaden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	Penkawr	Penkawr	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
9	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	severed	sever	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Yspaddaden's head's hand |  |  |  |  | by Yspaddaden's head | tree rules |
| 2 | **sever** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | upon the death of Yspaddaden | vn separate-23.1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **die** |  | Yspaddaden |  |  |  |  |  | nom death «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bedwyr, the son of Bedrawd, in a single blow

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1340-pg3454-part65:e3:o1:1
# text = Bedwyr, the son of Bedrawd, in a single blow
1	Bedwyr	Bedwyr	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Bedrawd	Bedrawd	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	blow	blow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Goreu, son of Custennin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1340-pg3454-part65:e3:o2:1
# text = Goreu, son of Custennin
1	Goreu	Goreu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Custennin	Custennin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kai, the steward, by way of the scabbard trick

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1340-pg3454-part65:e3:o3:1
# text = Kai, the steward, by way of the scabbard trick
1	Kai	Kai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	steward	steward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	scabbard	scabbard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	trick	trick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Eliwlod, son of Erbin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1340-pg3454-part65:e3:o4:1
# text = Eliwlod, son of Erbin
1	Eliwlod	Eliwlod	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Erbin	Erbin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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