---
title: State the reason the old man gives for the old woman's misfortune. — Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, p… · tree and pragmatics
description: State the reason the old man gives for the old woman's misfortune. Exam question 2 of lesson 1345 «Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, part 5: the old woman is frightened and punished, and Urashima frees a tortoise and is invited under the sea» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the
---

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# Exam question 2 · Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, part 5: the old woman…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
State the reason the old man gives for the old woman's misfortune.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** old man · **What happens:** give · **To what, where:** State reason

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 1345 «Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, part 5: the old woman is frightened and punished, and Urashima frees a tortoise and is invited under the sea» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1345-pg4018-part5/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1345-pg4018-part5:e2:1
# text = State the reason the old man gives for the old woman's misfortune.
1	State	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	misfortune	misfortune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | the old man | the State reason *not said here* |  |  |  | for the old woman's misfortune | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent reason=Theme for misfortune=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her spite has earned its punishment

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1345-pg4018-part5:e2:o1:1
# text = Her spite has earned its punishment
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	spite	spite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	earned	earn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **earn** | present · perfect | Her spite | spite's punishment |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent punishment=Theme |
| 2 | **spite** |  | Her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom spite «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
| 3 | **punish** |  | spite |  |  |  |  |  | nom punishment «act transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her own wickedness has met its reward, as he says plainly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1345-pg4018-part5:e2:o2:1
# text = Her own wickedness has met its reward, as he says plainly
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wickedness	wickedness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	met	meet	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	reward	reward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
12	plainly	plainly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | present · perfect | Her own wickedness | wickedness's reward |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reward=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | he |  |  |  |  | plainly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **reward** |  | wickedness |  |  |  |  |  | nom reward «event transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her own wickedness has finally met its reward at last

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1345-pg4018-part5:e2:o3:1
# text = Her own wickedness has finally met its reward at last
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wickedness	wickedness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	finally	finally	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	met	meet	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	reward	reward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | present · perfect | Her own wickedness | wickedness's reward |  | last |  | finally *property* | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reward=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **reward** |  | wickedness |  |  |  |  |  | nom reward «event transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her own wickedness has met its reward

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1345-pg4018-part5:e2:o4:1
# text = Her own wickedness has met its reward
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wickedness	wickedness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	met	meet	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	reward	reward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | present · perfect | Her own wickedness | wickedness's reward |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reward=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **reward** |  | wickedness |  |  |  |  |  | nom reward «event transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, p…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1345-pg4018-part5/e1/)
- next →: [Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, p…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1345-pg4018-part5/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, part 5: the old woman is frightened and punished, and Urashima frees a tortoise and is invited under the sea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1345-pg4018-part5/)