---
title: Describe the means by which Urashima persuades the boys to surrender… — Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, p… · tree and pragmatics
description: Describe the means by which Urashima persuades the boys to surrender the tortoise. Exam question 3 of lesson 1345 «Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, part 5: the old woman is frightened and punished, and Urashima frees a tortoise and is invited under the sea» of the books course of Mova's primary 
---

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# Exam question 3 · Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, part 5: the old woman…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Describe the means by which Urashima persuades the boys to surrender the tortoise.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, the, Urashima · **What happens:** describe, mean, persuade, surrender · **To what, where:** boys, tortoise · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 1345 «Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, part 5: the old woman is frightened and punished, and Urashima frees a tortoise and is invited under the sea» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1345-pg4018-part5/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1345-pg4018-part5:e3:1
# text = Describe the means by which Urashima persuades the boys to surrender the tortoise.
1	Describe	describe	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obl	_	_
6	Urashima	Urashima	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	persuades	persuade	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	boys	boy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	surrender	surrender	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	tortoise	tortoise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **persuade** | present | Urashima | the boys |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boy=Patient |
| 4 | **surrender** | to-infinitive | Urashima *not said here* | the tortoise |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent tortoise=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He offers the boys a generous amount of money tied on a string

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1345-pg4018-part5:e3:o1:1
# text = He offers the boys a generous amount of money tied on a string
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	offers	offer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	boys	boy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	generous	generous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	string	string	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **offer** | present | He | a generous amount of money | the boys |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent boy=Goal amount=Theme |
| 2 | **tie** | participle |  | money *not said here* |  |  |  | on a string | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle PP»: agent=Patient on string=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **amount** |  |  | money |  |  |  |  | nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He offers a pile of money strung on a string to them

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1345-pg4018-part5:e3:o2:1
# text = He offers a pile of money strung on a string to them
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	offers	offer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	strung	string	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	string	string	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **offer** | present | He | a pile of money | them *= they* |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent pile=Theme to they=Goal |
| 2 | **string** | participle |  | money *not said here* |  | a string |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on string=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He promises the boys a fine reward

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1345-pg4018-part5:e3:o3:1
# text = He promises the boys a fine reward
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	promises	promise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	boys	boy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	reward	reward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promise** *speech: promise* | present | He | a fine reward | the boys |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent boy=Goal reward=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He offers money strung on a string

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1345-pg4018-part5:e3:o4:1
# text = He offers money strung on a string
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	offers	offer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	strung	string	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	string	string	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **offer** | present | He | money |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent money=Theme |
| 2 | **string** | participle |  | money *not said here* |  | a string |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on string=Destination |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, p…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1345-pg4018-part5/e2/)
- next →: [Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, p…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1345-pg4018-part5/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Japanese Fairy Tales, Urashima Taro, part 5: the old woman is frightened and punished, and Urashima frees a tortoise and is invited under the sea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1345-pg4018-part5/)