---
title: With reference to the passage, state the manner by which the kurage… — Japanese Fairy Tales, The Monkey and t… · tree and pragmatics
description: With reference to the passage, state the manner by which the kurage conveyed the monkey across the water. Exam question 4 of lesson 1371 «Japanese Fairy Tales, The Monkey and the Jelly-Fish, part 31: the jelly fish tricks a monkey into going to the sea» of the books course of Mova's primary school, 
---

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# Exam question 4 · Japanese Fairy Tales, The Monkey and the Jelly-Fish, part…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With reference to the passage, state the manner by which the kurage conveyed the monkey across the water.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, kurage · **What happens:** state, convey · **To what, where:** manner, monkey, water

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 1371 «Japanese Fairy Tales, The Monkey and the Jelly-Fish, part 31: the jelly fish tricks a monkey into going to the sea» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1371-pg4018-part31/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1371-pg4018-part31:e4:1
# text = With reference to the passage, state the manner by which the kurage conveyed the monkey across the water.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	passage	passage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	state	state	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	kurage	kurage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	conveyed	convey	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	across	across	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **state** *speech: other* | imperative | you *not said here* | the manner |  |  |  | with reference to the passage | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent manner=Topic |
| 2 | **convey** | past | the kurage | the monkey |  | the water |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent monkey=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by carrying him upon his back

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1371-pg4018-part31:e4:o1:1
# text = by carrying him upon his back
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | gerund |  | him *= he* |  |  |  | upon his back | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by swimming fast beside him

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1371-pg4018-part31:e4:o2:1
# text = by swimming fast beside him
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	swimming	swim	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
4	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swim** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | beside him *= he*; fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beside he=Trajectory |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
on the back

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1371-pg4018-part31:e4:o3:1
# text = on the back
1	on	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by swimming

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1371-pg4018-part31:e4:o4:1
# text = by swimming
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	swimming	swim	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swim** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Japanese Fairy Tales, The Monkey and t…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1371-pg4018-part31/e3/)
- next →: [Japanese Fairy Tales, The Monkey and t…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1372-pg4018-part32/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Japanese Fairy Tales, The Monkey and the Jelly-Fish, part 31: the jelly fish tricks a monkey into going to the sea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1371-pg4018-part31/)