---
title: Which of the following best identifies the reason Pinocchio offered… — Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following best identifies the reason Pinocchio offered himself in place of Harlequin? Exam question 2 of lesson 1392 «Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio, part 5: Pinocchio saves Harlequin from Fire Eater's fire» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree 
---

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# Exam question 2 · Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio, part 5: Pinocchio…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following best identifies the reason Pinocchio offered himself in place of Harlequin?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Pinocchio · **What happens:** follow, identify, offer · **To what, where:** reason, Pinocchio, place

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 1392 «Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio, part 5: Pinocchio saves Harlequin from Fire Eater's fire» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1392-pg500-part5/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1392-pg500-part5:e2:1
# text = Which of the following best identifies the reason Pinocchio offered himself in place of Harlequin?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	case	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	nmod	_	_
6	identifies	identify	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	Pinocchio	Pinocchio	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	offered	offer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	10	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Harlequin	Harlequin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **identify** | present |  | the reason |  |  |  | of the best | tree rules |
| 3 | **offer** | past | Pinocchio | Pinocchio |  | place of Harlequin |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent himself=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His loyalty to his closest friend

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1392-pg500-part5:e2:o1:1
# text = His loyalty to his closest friend
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	closest	close	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Because he wanted to be a real boy and thought this would help him

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1392-pg500-part5:e2:o2:1
# text = Because he wanted to be a real boy and thought this would help him
1	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	advcl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	nsubj	_	_
12	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive | he *not said here* | a real boy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **think** *speech: other* | past | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **help** | would | this |  | boy |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Because he wanted to be famous

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1392-pg500-part5:e2:o3:1
# text = Because he wanted to be famous
1	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
6	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **is** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  | famous *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His deep loyalty to his closest friend who was tied up and crying

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1392-pg500-part5:e2:o4:1
# text = His deep loyalty to his closest friend who was tied up and crying
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	closest	close	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	crying	cry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tie up** | past · passive |  | his closest friend |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1392-pg500-part5/e1/)
- next →: [Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1392-pg500-part5/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio, part 5: Pinocchio saves Harlequin from Fire Eater's fire](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1392-pg500-part5/)