---
title: Which of the following most accurately describes the reasoning of th… — Aesop's Fables, The Lion and the Boar… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following most accurately describes the reasoning of the Sea in response to the shipwrecked Man? Exam question 2 of lesson 140 «Aesop's Fables, The Lion and the Boar and other fables, part 10: animals and a Man quarrel, learn small lessons and get their comeuppance» of the books course 
---

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# Exam question 2 · Aesop's Fables, The Lion and the Boar and other fables, pa…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following most accurately describes the reasoning of the Sea in response to the shipwrecked Man?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Sea · **What happens:** follow, describe, shipwreck, reason · **To what, where:** reasoning, response

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 140 «Aesop's Fables, The Lion and the Boar and other fables, part 10: animals and a Man quarrel, learn small lessons and get their comeuppance» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/140-pg11339-part10/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:140-pg11339-part10:e2:1
# text = Which of the following most accurately describes the reasoning of the Sea in response to the shipwrecked Man?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	6	advmod	_	_
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	shipwrecked	shipwreck	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	amod	_	_
18	Man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  | the reasoning of the Sea |  | response to the shipwrecked Man |  | accurately *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reasoning=Theme |
| 3 | **shipwreck** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **reason** |  | the Sea |  |  | response to the shipwrecked Man |  |  | nom reasoning «cognition intransitive»: of=agent in=place |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It attributed the calm to the Winds ceasing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:140-pg11339-part10:e2:o1:1
# text = It attributed the calm to the Winds ceasing
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	attributed	attribute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	ceasing	cease	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attribute** | past | It | the calm |  |  |  | to the Winds | tree rules |
| 2 | **cease** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It attributed the storms to the Winds, which had lashed it into fury, and claimed it was innocent of any treachery toward the sailors

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:140-pg11339-part10:e2:o2:1
# text = It attributed the storms to the Winds, which had lashed it into fury, and claimed it was innocent of any treachery toward the sailors
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	attributed	attribute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	storms	storm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	lashed	lash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	fury	fury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	claimed	claim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	innocent	innocent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	ccomp	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	23	det	_	_
23	treachery	treachery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attribute** | past | It | the storms |  |  |  | to the Winds | tree rules |
| 2 | **lash** | past · perfect · passive |  | the Winds |  | fury |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP ADJP»: subject=Patient it=Result |
| 3 | **claim** *speech: other* | past |  |  |  |  |  | toward the sailors | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | past | fury |  |  |  |  | of any treachery; innocent *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It attributed the wreck to the Man's own foolishness in sailing so far out, and refused to accept any responsibility for the storm at all

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:140-pg11339-part10:e2:o3:1
# text = It attributed the wreck to the Man's own foolishness in sailing so far out, and refused to accept any responsibility for the storm at all
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	attributed	attribute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	wreck	wreck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	foolishness	foolishness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	sailing	sail	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	15	advmod	_	_
15	out	out	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	refused	refuse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	accept	accept	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	22	det	_	_
22	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
26	at	at	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attribute** | past | It | the wreck |  |  |  | to the Man's own foolishness | tree rules |
| 2 | **sail** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **refuse** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **accept** | to-infinitive |  | any responsibility |  | all |  | for the storm | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent responsibility=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It attributed the storms to the Winds acting upon it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:140-pg11339-part10:e2:o4:1
# text = It attributed the storms to the Winds acting upon it
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	attributed	attribute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	storms	storm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	acting	act	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attribute** | past | It | the storms |  |  |  | to the Winds | tree rules |
| 2 | **act** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | upon it | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [Aesop's Fables, The Lion and the Boar and other fables, part 10: animals and a Man quarrel, learn small lessons and get their comeuppance](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/140-pg11339-part10/)