---
title: Name the classmate whom Pinocchio held responsible for his misfortun… — Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio… · tree and pragmatics
description: Name the classmate whom Pinocchio held responsible for his misfortune, and describe the advice that classmate gave him. Exam question 4 of lesson 1407 «Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio, part 20: Pinocchio wakes with donkey ears, and he and Lamp-Wick both hide under cotton bags.» of the books c
---

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# Exam question 4 · Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio, part 20: Pinocchio…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Name the classmate whom Pinocchio held responsible for his misfortune, and describe the advice that classmate gave him.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, Pinocchio, classmate · **What happens:** name, hold, describe, give · **To what, where:** classmate, advice, Pinocchio

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 1407 «Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio, part 20: Pinocchio wakes with donkey ears, and he and Lamp-Wick both hide under cotton bags.» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1407-pg500-part20/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1407-pg500-part20:e4:1
# text = Name the classmate whom Pinocchio held responsible for his misfortune, and describe the advice that classmate gave him.
1	Name	name	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	classmate	classmate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
5	Pinocchio	Pinocchio	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	responsible	responsible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	misfortune	misfortune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	describe	describe	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	obj	_	_
17	classmate	classmate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **name** | imperative | you *not said here* | the classmate |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent classmate=Theme |
| 2 | **hold** | past | Pinocchio | the classmate |  |  |  | for Pinocchio's misfortune; responsible *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Theme |
| 3 | **describe** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the advice |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent advice=Theme |
| 4 | **give** | past | classmate | the advice | Pinocchio |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient that=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lamp-Wick, a bad friend.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1407-pg500-part20:e4:o1:1
# text = Lamp-Wick, a bad friend.
1	Lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Wick	Wick	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lamp-Wick, to stay out late.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1407-pg500-part20:e4:o2:1
# text = Lamp-Wick, to stay out late.
1	Lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Wick	Wick	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay out** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lamp-Wick, who told him to skip school.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1407-pg500-part20:e4:o3:1
# text = Lamp-Wick, who told him to skip school.
1	Lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Wick	Wick	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	iobj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	skip	skip	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
10	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Lamp Wick |  | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **skip** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Lamp Wick *not said here* | school |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent school=Agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lamp-Wick, who urged him to avoid studying.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1407-pg500-part20:e4:o4:1
# text = Lamp-Wick, who urged him to avoid studying.
1	Lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Wick	Wick	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	urged	urge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	iobj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	avoid	avoid	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
10	studying	study	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **urge** | past | Wick |  | Lamp |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 2 | **avoid** | to-infinitive | Wick *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **study** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1407-pg500-part20/e3/)
- next →: [Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1408-pg500-part21/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio, part 20: Pinocchio wakes with donkey ears, and he and Lamp-Wick both hide under cotton bags.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1407-pg500-part20/)