--- title: Upon what grounds did Halvor refuse to depart from the first castle? — Norse Tales, Halvor and the Trolls, pa… · tree and pragmatics description: Upon what grounds did Halvor refuse to depart from the first castle? Exam question 1 of lesson 1511 «Norse Tales, Halvor and the Trolls, part 8: Halvor beats three trolls and wins back the princesses, then wishes himself home» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1511-pg540-part8/e1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [Norse Tales, Halvor and the Trolls, pa…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1511-pg540-part8/) / e1 # Exam question 1 · Norse Tales, Halvor and the Trolls, part 8: Halvor beats t… Upon what grounds did Halvor refuse to depart from the first castle? **Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** grounds · **What happens:** refuse, not depart · **To what, where:** first castle This is exam question 1 of lesson 1511 «Norse Tales, Halvor and the Trolls, part 8: Halvor beats three trolls and wins back the princesses, then wishes himself home» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1511-pg540-part8/#e1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1511-pg540-part8:e1:1 # text = Upon what grounds did Halvor refuse to depart from the first castle? 1 Upon upon ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 what what PRON WP PronType=Rel 6 obl _ _ 3 grounds grounds NOUN NNS Number=Ptan 6 nsubj _ _ 4 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 5 Halvor Halvor PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 refuse refuse VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 depart depart VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 xcomp _ _ 9 from from ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 12 amod _ _ 12 castle castle NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 13 ? ? PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **refuse** | past · do-support | grounds | | | | | | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 2 | **not** **depart** | to-infinitive | grounds *not said here* | | | the first castle | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from castle=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1} He had committed no wrong ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1511-pg540-part8:e1:o1:1 # text = He had committed no wrong 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 committed commit VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 no no ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 wrong wrong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 xcomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **commit** | past · perfect | He | | | | | wrong *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2} He had a duty to stay ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1511-pg540-part8:e1:o2:1 # text = He had a duty to stay 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 duty duty NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark _ _ 6 stay stay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 acl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | past | He | a duty | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent duty=Patient | | 2 | **stay** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | a duty *not said here* | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} He was not told ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1511-pg540-part8:e1:o3:1 # text = He was not told 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 3 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 4 advmod _ _ 4 told tell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | past · passive | | He | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | ### Option 4 {#o4} He was too tired ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1511-pg540-part8:e1:o4:1 # text = He was too tired 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 too too ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 tired tired ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | He | | | | | tired *property* | tree rules | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Norse Tales, Halvor and the Trolls, pa…, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1511-pg540-part8/t12/) - next →: [Norse Tales, Halvor and the Trolls, pa…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1511-pg540-part8/e2/) - ↑ back to [Norse Tales, Halvor and the Trolls, part 8: Halvor beats three trolls and wins back the princesses, then wishes himself home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1511-pg540-part8/)