---
title: Which of the following best explains the function of the voice heard… — Yellow Fairy Book, Prince Peerless, pa… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following best explains the function of the voice heard by the Prince in the gallery? Exam question 4 of lesson 1557 «Yellow Fairy Book, Prince Peerless, part 54: the Princess is turned into a grasshopper, and the Prince refuses the Fairy's offer» of the books course of Mova's primary s
---

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# Exam question 4 · Yellow Fairy Book, Prince Peerless, part 54: the Princess…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following best explains the function of the voice heard by the Prince in the gallery?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, explain, hear · **To what, where:** function, voice, gallery

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 1557 «Yellow Fairy Book, Prince Peerless, part 54: the Princess is turned into a grasshopper, and the Prince refuses the Fairy's offer» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1557-pg540-part54/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1557-pg540-part54:e4:1
# text = Which of the following best explains the function of the voice heard by the Prince in the gallery?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	best	well	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	6	advmod	_	_
6	explains	explain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	function	function	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	gallery	gallery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **explain** *speech: assert* | present |  | the function of the voice |  |  |  | well *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent function=Topic |
| 3 | **hear** | participle |  | the voice *not said here* |  | the gallery |  | by the Prince | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It scolded him for refusing and told him the Princess was lost

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1557-pg540-part54:e4:o1:1
# text = It scolded him for refusing and told him the Princess was lost
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	scolded	scold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	refusing	refuse	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	iobj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Princess	Princess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	ccomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scold** | past | It | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 2 | **refuse** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past |  |  | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 4 | **lose** | past · passive |  | the Princess |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It encouraged him to remain firm and directed him to seek the Golden Branch

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1557-pg540-part54:e4:o2:1
# text = It encouraged him to remain firm and directed him to seek the Golden Branch
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	encouraged	encourage	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	remain	remain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	firm	firm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	directed	direct	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	seek	seek	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	Golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	Branch	branch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **encourage** | past | It | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **remain** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | him *= he* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | firm *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **direct** | past |  | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **seek** | to-infinitive |  | the Golden Branch |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent branch=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It ordered him to fight the goblins and return home to the castle

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1557-pg540-part54:e4:o3:1
# text = It ordered him to fight the goblins and return home to the castle
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ordered	order	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	goblins	goblin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
10	home	home	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **order** | past | It |  | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **fight** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | the goblins |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goblin=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **return** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to the castle *result*; home *property* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to castle=Result |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It encouraged him to remain firm, directed him to seek the Golden Branch and told him of the Princess's fate in the castle

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1557-pg540-part54:e4:o4:1
# text = It encouraged him to remain firm, directed him to seek the Golden Branch and told him of the Princess's fate in the castle
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	encouraged	encourage	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	remain	remain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	firm	firm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	directed	direct	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	seek	seek	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	Golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	Branch	Branch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	iobj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Princess	Princess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	's	's	PART	POS	_	20	case	_	_
22	fate	fate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **encourage** | past | It | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **remain** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | him *= he* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | firm *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **direct** | past |  | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **seek** | to-infinitive |  | the Golden Branch |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent branch=Theme |
| 5 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past |  |  | him *= he* | the castle |  | of the Princess's fate | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 6 | **fate** |  | the Princess |  |  |  |  |  | nom fate «event transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Yellow Fairy Book, Prince Peerless, pa…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1557-pg540-part54/e3/)
- next →: [Fairy Tales (pg540), The Golden Branch…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1558-pg540-part55/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Yellow Fairy Book, Prince Peerless, part 54: the Princess is turned into a grasshopper, and the Prince refuses the Fairy's offer](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1557-pg540-part54/)