---
title: Which expression in the passage refers to a small excavation serving… — Oz, The Cyclone, part 1: a cyclone lif… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which expression in the passage refers to a small excavation serving as protection against storms? Exam question 4 of lesson 1586 «Oz, The Cyclone, part 1: a cyclone lifts Dorothy's house into the air» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the quest
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1586-pg55-part1/e4/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [Oz, The Cyclone, part 1: a cyclone lif…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1586-pg55-part1/) / e4

# Exam question 4 · Oz, The Cyclone, part 1: a cyclone lifts Dorothy's house i…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which expression in the passage refers to a small excavation serving as protection against storms?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** expression, small excavation · **What happens:** refer, serve

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 1586 «Oz, The Cyclone, part 1: a cyclone lifts Dorothy's house into the air» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1586-pg55-part1/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1586-pg55-part1:e4:1
# text = Which expression in the passage refers to a small excavation serving as protection against storms?
1	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	expression	expression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	passage	passage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	refers	refer	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	excavation	excavation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	serving	serve	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	protection	protection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	against	against	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	storms	storm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refer** | present | which expression in the passage |  |  |  |  | to a small excavation | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to excavation=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **serve** | gerund | a small excavation *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as protection; against storms | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as protection=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cyclone cellar

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1586-pg55-part1:e4:o1:1
# text = A cyclone cellar
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cyclone	cyclone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	cellar	cellar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An underground hole with a ladder and a heavy trap door on top

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1586-pg55-part1:e4:o2:1
# text = An underground hole with a ladder and a heavy trap door on top
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	underground	underground	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ladder	ladder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	trap	trap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wooden bunker

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1586-pg55-part1:e4:o3:1
# text = A wooden bunker
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bunker	bunker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A small underground room dug in the ground by the farm

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1586-pg55-part1:e4:o4:1
# text = A small underground room dug in the ground by the farm
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	underground	underground	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	dug	dig	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dig** | participle |  | a small underground room *not said here* |  | the ground |  | by the farm | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in ground=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Oz, The Cyclone, part 1: a cyclone lif…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1586-pg55-part1/e3/)
- next →: [Oz, The Council with the Munchkins, pa…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1587-pg55-part2/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Oz, The Cyclone, part 1: a cyclone lifts Dorothy's house into the air](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1586-pg55-part1/)