---
title: Which of the following describes the immediate cause of the Tin Wood… — Oz, The Cowardly Lion, part 7: a Lion… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following describes the immediate cause of the Tin Woodman's inability to speak after weeping? Exam question 1 of lesson 1592 «Oz, The Cowardly Lion, part 7: a Lion attacks the travellers, is slapped, and joins them» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree
---

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# Exam question 1 · Oz, The Cowardly Lion, part 7: a Lion attacks the travelle…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following describes the immediate cause of the Tin Woodman's inability to speak after weeping?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, be, speak, weep · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 1592 «Oz, The Cowardly Lion, part 7: a Lion attacks the travellers, is slapped, and joins them» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1592-pg55-part7/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1592-pg55-part7:e1:1
# text = Which of the following describes the immediate cause of the Tin Woodman's inability to speak after weeping?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	case	_	_
5	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	immediate	immediate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	Tin	Tin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	Woodman	Woodman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	inability	inability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	acl	_	_
17	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
18	weeping	weep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the immediate cause; of the Tin Woodman's inability | tree rules |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **weep** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Woodman's jaws were fused by rust from the tears, and his throat had also filled with water and dust over the whole long afternoon.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1592-pg55-part7:e1:o1:1
# text = The Woodman's jaws were fused by rust from the tears, and his throat had also filled with water and dust over the whole long afternoon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Woodman	Woodman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	jaws	jaw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	fused	fuse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	rust	rust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	tears	tear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	also	also	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
23	over	over	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
25	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
26	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	afternoon	afternoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fuse** | past · passive | rust | the Woodman's jaws |  | the tears |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 2 | **fill** | past · perfect | his throat |  |  |  | afternoon | with water and dust | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with water=Instrument |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The oil dried up in his throat completely.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1592-pg55-part7:e1:o2:1
# text = The oil dried up in his throat completely.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	dried	dry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dry up** | participle · passive |  | the oil |  | his throat |  | completely *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tears ran over his jaw hinges, rusting them shut, so the Scarecrow had to oil him before he could speak again at all.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1592-pg55-part7:e1:o3:1
# text = Tears ran over his jaw hinges, rusting them shut, so the Scarecrow had to oil him before he could speak again at all.
1	Tears	tear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	over	over	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	jaw	jaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	hinges	hinge	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	rusting	rust	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	shut	shut	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	Scarecrow	scarecrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
23	again	again	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
24	at	at	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | Tears |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hinge** | present | his jaw |  |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **rust** | gerund | Tears *not said here* | Tears *= tear* |  |  |  | shut *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **have** | past | the Scarecrow | oil |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **speak** *speech: other* | could | jaw |  |  | all | again |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tears ran over his jaw hinges and rusted them shut.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1592-pg55-part7:e1:o4:1
# text = The tears ran over his jaw hinges and rusted them shut.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tears	tear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	over	over	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	jaw	jaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	hinges	hinge	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	rusted	rust	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	shut	shut	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | the tears |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hinge** | present | his jaw |  |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **rust** | past | his jaw *not said here* | tears *= tear* |  |  |  | shut *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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