---
title: Identify the argument advanced by the executioner in respect of the… — Alice in Wonderland, chapter VIII, par… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the argument advanced by the executioner in respect of the beheading of the Cheshire Cat. Exam question 1 of lesson 16 «Alice in Wonderland, chapter VIII, part 2: The Queen's Croquet-Ground (a head without a body)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and p
---

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# Exam question 1 · Alice in Wonderland, chapter VIII, part 2: The Queen's Cro…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the argument advanced by the executioner in respect of the beheading of the Cheshire Cat.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, advance, respect · **To what, where:** argument, beheading

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 16 «Alice in Wonderland, chapter VIII, part 2: The Queen's Croquet-Ground (a head without a body)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/16-alice-the-queens-croquet-ground-2/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:16-alice-the-queens-croquet-ground-2:e1:1
# text = Identify the argument advanced by the executioner in respect of the beheading of the Cheshire Cat.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	advanced	advance	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	executioner	executioner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	beheading	beheading	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	Cheshire	Cheshire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	Cat	Cat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the argument |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent argument=Theme |
| 2 | **advance** | participle |  | the argument *not said here* |  |  |  | by the executioner; in respect of the beheading of the Cheshire Cat | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute PP.extent PP.initial\_state PP.result»: agent=Patient by executioner=Extent in respect=Attribute |
| 3 | **respect** |  |  | the beheading of the Cheshire Cat |  |  |  |  | nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That cats have no heads

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:16-alice-the-queens-croquet-ground-2:e1:o1:1
# text = That cats have no heads
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | that cats | no heads |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That a head cannot be severed in the absence of a body from which to sever it

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:16-alice-the-queens-croquet-ground-2:e1:o2:1
# text = That a head cannot be severed in the absence of a body from which to sever it
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	severed	sever	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	absence	absence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	sever	sever	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	acl:relcl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **sever** | can · passive |  | that head |  | the absence of a body |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **sever** | to-infinitive | a body | head |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **absent** |  |  | a body |  |  |  |  | nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That a body cannot be cut when a head is missing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:16-alice-the-queens-croquet-ground-2:e1:o3:1
# text = That a body cannot be cut when a head is missing
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	12	mark	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	missing	missing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **cut** | can · passive |  | That |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **is** | present | a head |  |  |  |  | missing *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That a head may be struck only while the Cat still stands on the lawn

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:16-alice-the-queens-croquet-ground-2:e1:o4:1
# text = That a head may be struck only while the Cat still stands on the lawn
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	struck	strike	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
8	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	still	still	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	lawn	lawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | may · passive |  | that head |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **stand** | present | the Cat |  |  | the lawn | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on lawn=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Alice in Wonderland, chapter VIII, par…, test 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/16-alice-the-queens-croquet-ground-2/t19/)
- next →: [Alice in Wonderland, chapter VIII, par…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/16-alice-the-queens-croquet-ground-2/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Alice in Wonderland, chapter VIII, part 2: The Queen's Croquet-Ground (a head without a body)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/16-alice-the-queens-croquet-ground-2/)