---
title: Mate, why was the king being all sus and sad the whole time? — Norse Tales, The Troll's Heart: the yo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Mate, why was the king being all sus and sad the whole time? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 1656 «Norse Tales, The Troll's Heart: the youth frees himself, pays the king's debt, and wins the troll's heart» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and
---

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# Test 3 · ★ · Norse Tales, The Troll's Heart: the youth frees himself, p…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mate, why was the king being all sus and sad the whole time?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Mate · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** king, sus whole time

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 1656 «Norse Tales, The Troll's Heart: the youth frees himself, pays the king's debt, and wins the troll's heart» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1656-pg5615-part45/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1656-pg5615-part45:t3:1
# text = Mate, why was the king being all sus and sad the whole time?
1	Mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
7	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	cop	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	det	_	_
9	sus	suspect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Mate and the king *not said here* | the king |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | gerund | Mate and the king | all sus whole time |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
he had borrowed a huge sum from the troll and couldn't pay it back

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1656-pg5615-part45:t3:o1:1
# text = he had borrowed a huge sum from the troll and couldn't pay it back
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	borrowed	borrow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	troll	troll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	back	back	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **borrow** | past · perfect | he | a huge sum |  | the troll |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent sum=Theme from troll=Source |
| 2 | **not** **pay back** | could | he *not said here* | sum |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Asset |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
he had lost his daughter to a troll

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1656-pg5615-part45:t3:o2:1
# text = he had lost his daughter to a troll
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	troll	troll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past · perfect | he | his daughter |  |  |  | to a troll | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daughter=Eventuality |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
he owed a debt he couldn't pay

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1656-pg5615-part45:t3:o3:1
# text = he owed a debt he couldn't pay
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	owed	owe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	debt	debt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **owe** | past | he | a debt |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent debt=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **pay** | could | he | a debt *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent debt=Asset |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
his kingdom was at war

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1656-pg5615-part45:t3:o4:1
# text = his kingdom was at war
1	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | his kingdom |  |  | war |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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