---
title: Which of the following best describes the action by which the Dragon… — Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Dragon's Gran… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following best describes the action by which the Dragon's grandmother concealed the third soldier beneath the flagstone of her cellar? Exam question 1 of lesson 1687 «Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Dragon's Grandmother: the soldiers trick the Dragon with the answer to his riddle» of the books
---

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# Exam question 1 · Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Dragon's Grandmother: the soldier…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following best describes the action by which the Dragon's grandmother concealed the third soldier beneath the flagstone of her cellar?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** grandmother · **What happens:** follow, describe, conceal · **To what, where:** action, third soldier

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 1687 «Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Dragon's Grandmother: the soldiers trick the Dragon with the answer to his riddle» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1687-pg640-part11/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1687-pg640-part11:e1:1
# text = Which of the following best describes the action by which the Dragon's grandmother concealed the third soldier beneath the flagstone of her cellar?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Dragon	Dragon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	grandmother	grandmother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	concealed	conceal	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	18	amod	_	_
18	soldier	soldier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
19	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	flagstone	flagstone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	cellar	cellar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  | the action |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent action=Theme |
| 3 | **conceal** | past | the Dragon's grandmother | the third soldier |  |  |  | by the action; beneath the flagstone of grandmother's cellar | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent soldier=Patient by which=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She raised the heavy stone, bade him keep still, and concealed him beneath it

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1687-pg640-part11:e1:o1:1
# text = She raised the heavy stone, bade him keep still, and concealed him beneath it
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	bade	bade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Typo=Yes|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	still	still	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	concealed	conceal	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise** | past | She | the heavy stone and bade |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme |
| 2 | **keep** | present | him *= he* | bade *not said here* |  |  | still |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bade=Theme |
| 3 | **conceal** | past | She *not said here* | him *= he* |  | bade |  |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent he=Patient beneath it=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She lifted the stone with both hands, whispered that he must keep silent, then set it back over him in the cellar

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1687-pg640-part11:e1:o2:1
# text = She lifted the stone with both hands, whispered that he must keep silent, then set it back over him in the cellar
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lifted	lift	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	whispered	whisper	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
14	silent	silent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	17	advmod	_	_
17	set	set	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	back	back	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
20	over	over	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	cellar	cellar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | past | She | the stone |  |  |  | with both hands | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme |
| 2 | **whisper** *speech: assert* | past | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **keep** | must | he |  |  |  |  | silent *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **set back** | infinitive | She *not said here* | stone |  | the cellar | then | over him *= he* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme over he=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She heaved the great flagstone aside, ordered him to lie still in the dark, and then sealed him in beneath it

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1687-pg640-part11:e1:o3:1
# text = She heaved the great flagstone aside, ordered him to lie still in the dark, and then sealed him in beneath it
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heaved	heave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	flagstone	flagstone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	aside	aside	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	ordered	order	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
12	still	still	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	dark	dark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	19	advmod	_	_
19	sealed	seal	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	23	case	_	_
22	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	21	fixed	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heave** | past | She | the great flagstone |  |  |  | aside *property* | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flagstone=Theme |
| 2 | **order** | past |  |  | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **lie** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the dark | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in dark=Location |
| 4 | **seal** | past | She *not said here* | him *= he* |  | dark | then |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She pushed the cellar door open and sent him down to hide

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1687-pg640-part11:e1:o4:1
# text = She pushed the cellar door open and sent him down to hide
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pushed	push	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	cellar	cellar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	down	down	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	hide	hide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push** | past | She | the cellar door |  |  |  | open *property* | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent door=Theme |
| 2 | **send down** | past | She *not said here* | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 3 | **hide** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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