---
title: Which of the following describes the principal means by which the hu… — Fairy Tales, The Miller's Boy and the… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following describes the principal means by which the hunter's wife effected the restoration of her husband? Exam question 1 of lesson 1703 «Fairy Tales, The Miller's Boy and the Nixy: the hunter is pulled under the pond, and his wife wins him back» of the books course of Mova's primary 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Fairy Tales, The Miller's Boy and the Nixy: the hunter is…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following describes the principal means by which the hunter's wife effected the restoration of her husband?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** principal, wife · **What happens:** follow, describe, mean, affect · **To what, where:** restoration · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 1703 «Fairy Tales, The Miller's Boy and the Nixy: the hunter is pulled under the pond, and his wife wins him back» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1703-pg640-part27/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1703-pg640-part27:e1:1
# text = Which of the following describes the principal means by which the hunter's wife effected the restoration of her husband?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	obj	_	_
2	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	nsubj	_	_
5	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	principal	principal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	hunter	hunter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	effected	affect	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	restoration	restoration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	husband	husband	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent which=Theme |
| 3 | **mean** | present | the principal |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **affect** | past | the hunter's wife | the restoration of wife's husband |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus restoration=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She visited the witch, received gifts, combed her hair, and afterward performed the flute and wheel at the pond over three moons.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1703-pg640-part27:e1:o1:1
# text = She visited the witch, received gifts, combed her hair, and afterward performed the flute and wheel at the pond over three moons.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	visited	visit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	received	receive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	combed	comb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	afterward	afterward	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	performed	perform	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	flute	flute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	wheel	wheel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
20	at	at	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
23	over	over	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
25	moons	moon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | past | She | the witch |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent witch=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **receive** | past | She *not said here* | gifts |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gift=Theme |
| 3 | **comb** | past | She *not said here* | her hair |  |  |  |  | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hair=Patient |
| 4 | **perform** | past | She *not said here* | the flute and wheel |  | the pond |  | over three moons; afterward *property* | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flute=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She performed, at three successive full moons, a combing, a playing, and a spinning at the pond, each with an object of gold.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1703-pg640-part27:e1:o2:1
# text = She performed, at three successive full moons, a combing, a playing, and a spinning at the pond, each with an object of gold.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	performed	perform	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
6	successive	successive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	moons	moon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	combing	combing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	playing	playing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
18	spinning	spin	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	nsubj	_	_
19	at	at	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	21	nmod	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perform** | past | She | three successive full moons and a combing and a playing |  | a pond  each |  |  | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent moon=Theme |
| 2 | **spin** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She combed, played, and spun at three full moons with gold objects at the mill.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1703-pg640-part27:e1:o3:1
# text = She combed, played, and spun at three full moons with gold objects at the mill.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	combed	comb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	spun	spin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
10	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	moons	moon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	objects	object	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	mill	mill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **comb** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **play** | past | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **spin** | participle | She *not said here* |  |  | three full moons with gold objects |  | at the mill | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme at moon=Source at mill=Trajectory |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She repeatedly sang songs of the hunter at the mill, each night at a different window, until the nixy finally gave him back to her in the spring.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1703-pg640-part27:e1:o4:1
# text = She repeatedly sang songs of the hunter at the mill, each night at a different window, until the nixy finally gave him back to her in the spring.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hunter	hunter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	mill	mill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	nixy	nixy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
22	finally	finally	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	iobj	_	_
25	back	back	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obl	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | She | songs of the hunter at the mill and each night |  | a different window |  | repeatedly *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme |
| 2 | **give back** | past | the nixy |  | him *= he* |  | spring | to her *= she*; finally *property* | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Theme to she=Recipient |
| 3 | **sing** |  | the hunter at the mill and each night |  |  |  |  |  | nom song «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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