---
title: Which of the following best describes the action by which the Prince… — Balkan Folk-Tales, Iwanich and Militza… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following best describes the action by which the Prince deceived his father regarding the fruit? Exam question 1 of lesson 1714 «Balkan Folk-Tales, Iwanich and Militza, part 38: Militza flies off, Iwanich lies to his father, and the beasts close in» of the books course of Mova's primary
---

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# Exam question 1 · Balkan Folk-Tales, Iwanich and Militza, part 38: Militza f…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following best describes the action by which the Prince deceived his father regarding the fruit?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Prince · **What happens:** follow, describe, deceive, regard · **To what, where:** action, father

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This is exam question 1 of lesson 1714 «Balkan Folk-Tales, Iwanich and Militza, part 38: Militza flies off, Iwanich lies to his father, and the beasts close in» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1714-pg640-part38/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1714-pg640-part38:e1:1
# text = Which of the following best describes the action by which the Prince deceived his father regarding the fruit?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	case	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	nmod	_	_
6	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	deceived	deceive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	regarding	regard	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  | the action |  |  |  | of the best | tree rules |
| 3 | **deceive** | past | the Prince | Prince's father |  |  |  | by the action; regard the fruit | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent father=Patient |
| 4 | **regard** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He pretended the fruit was poisoned and blamed the royal cook

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1714-pg640-part38:e1:o1:1
# text = He pretended the fruit was poisoned and blamed the royal cook
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pretended	pretend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	poisoned	poison	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	blamed	blame	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	royal	royal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	cook	cook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pretend** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **poison** | past · passive |  | the fruit |  |  |  |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **blame** | past | He *not said here* | the royal cook |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cook=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He hid the fruit from the guards

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1714-pg640-part38:e1:o2:1
# text = He hid the fruit from the guards
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	guards	guard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | past | He | the fruit |  | the guards |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent fruit=Patient from guard=Beneficiary |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He fabricated an account of a wasp

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1714-pg640-part38:e1:o3:1
# text = He fabricated an account of a wasp
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	fabricated	fabricate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wasp	wasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fabricate** | past | He | a account of a wasp |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent account=Result |
| 2 | **account** |  |  | a wasp |  |  |  |  | nom account «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He invented a story about a bird

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1714-pg640-part38:e1:o4:1
# text = He invented a story about a bird
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	invented	invent	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invent** | past | He | a story |  |  |  | about a bird | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Result |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Balkan Folk-Tales, Iwanich and Militza…, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1714-pg640-part38/t12/)
- next →: [Balkan Folk-Tales, Iwanich and Militza…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1714-pg640-part38/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Balkan Folk-Tales, Iwanich and Militza, part 38: Militza flies off, Iwanich lies to his father, and the beasts close in](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1714-pg640-part38/)