---
title: Which action of the narrator directly caused the talisman to be dest… — Arabian Nights, The Third Calender, pa… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which action of the narrator directly caused the talisman to be destroyed? Exam question 1 of lesson 174 «Arabian Nights, The Third Calender, part 14: the narrator smashes the talisman, and the genius catches him» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Arabian Nights, The Third Calender, part 14: the narrator…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which action of the narrator directly caused the talisman to be destroyed?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** action, narrator · **What happens:** cause, destroy, act · **To what, where:** talisman

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 174 «Arabian Nights, The Third Calender, part 14: the narrator smashes the talisman, and the genius catches him» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/174-pg128-part14/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:174-pg128-part14:e1:1
# text = Which action of the narrator directly caused the talisman to be destroyed?
1	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	narrator	narrator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	talisman	talisman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | which action of the narrator | the talisman |  |  |  | directly *property* | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition talisman=Patient |
| 2 | **destroy** | to-infinitive · passive | which action of the narrator *not said here* | the talisman *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP» |
| 3 | **act** |  | the narrator |  |  |  |  |  | nom action «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He struck it with his foot while intoxicated and confused by the wine he had drunk

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:174-pg128-part14:e1:o1:1
# text = He struck it with his foot while intoxicated and confused by the wine he had drunk
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	intoxicated	intoxicate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	confused	confuse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	drunk	drink	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | past | He | it |  |  |  | with his foot | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with foot=Instrument |
| 2 | **intoxicate** | participle | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **confuse** | participle | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the wine | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **drink** | past · perfect | he | the wine *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wine=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He smashed it with his hatchet

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:174-pg128-part14:e1:o2:1
# text = He smashed it with his hatchet
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	smashed	smash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	hatchet	hatchet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smash** | past | He | it |  |  |  | with his hatchet | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with hatchet=Instrument |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He dropped it on the stone floor while he was carrying it to the palace garden

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:174-pg128-part14:e1:o3:1
# text = He dropped it on the stone floor while he was carrying it to the palace garden
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | past | He | it |  | the stone floor |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme on floor=Destination |
| 2 | **carry** | past · progressive | he | floor |  | the palace garden |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to garden=Destination |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He struck it with his foot while intoxicated

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:174-pg128-part14:e1:o4:1
# text = He struck it with his foot while intoxicated
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	intoxicated	intoxicate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | past | He | it |  |  |  | with his foot | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with foot=Instrument |
| 2 | **intoxicate** | participle | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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