--- title: What was the principal cause of the old woman's disgrace among the v… — Tales of the East, How a Fish Swam in… · tree and pragmatics description: What was the principal cause of the old woman's disgrace among the villagers? Exam question 2 of lesson 1775 «Tales of the East, How a Fish Swam in the Air and a Hare in the Water, part 2: a pot of gold, a fake fish and hare, and a wife who spends it all» of the books course of Mova's primary school --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1775-pg641-part26/e2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [Tales of the East, How a Fish Swam in…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1775-pg641-part26/) / e2 # Exam question 2 · Tales of the East, How a Fish Swam in the Air and a Hare i… What was the principal cause of the old woman's disgrace among the villagers? **Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** old woman · **What happens:** be, disgrace · **To what, where:** principal cause This is exam question 2 of lesson 1775 «Tales of the East, How a Fish Swam in the Air and a Hare in the Water, part 2: a pot of gold, a fake fish and hare, and a wife who spends it all» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1775-pg641-part26/#e2). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1775-pg641-part26:e2:1 # text = What was the principal cause of the old woman's disgrace among the villagers? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 5 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 principal principal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 cause cause NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 woman woman NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 10 's 's PART POS _ 9 case _ _ 11 disgrace disgrace NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 12 among among ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 villagers villager NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 15 ? ? PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | past | | the principal cause | | | | of the old woman's disgrace among the villagers | tree rules | | 2 | **disgrace** | | the old woman | | | | | among the villagers | nom disgrace «state transitive»: poss=agent among=obl | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} Her indiscreet repetition of all news she heard to every person in town ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1775-pg641-part26:e2:o1:1 # text = Her indiscreet repetition of all news she heard to every person in town 1 Her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 2 indiscreet indiscreet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 repetition repetition NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 6 det _ _ 6 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 7 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 8 heard hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 to to ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 11 det _ _ 11 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 12 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 town town NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hear** | past | Her indiscreet repetition of all news | | | town | | to every person | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **repeat** | | all news | | | | | | nom repetition «event intransitive»: of=agent | ### Option 2 {#o2} Her habit of telling secrets ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1775-pg641-part26:e2:o2:1 # text = Her habit of telling secrets 1 Her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 habit habit NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 of of SCONJ IN _ 4 mark _ _ 4 telling tell VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 acl _ _ 5 secrets secret NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund | Her habit *not said here* | secrets | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent secret=Recipient | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} Her indiscreet repetition of all news ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1775-pg641-part26:e2:o3:1 # text = Her indiscreet repetition of all news 1 Her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 2 indiscreet indiscreet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 repetition repetition NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 6 det _ _ 6 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **repeat** | | all news | | | | | | nom repetition «event intransitive»: of=agent | ### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4} Her loud talk about the village ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:1775-pg641-part26:e2:o4:1 # text = Her loud talk about the village 1 Her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 2 loud loud ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 talk talk NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 about about ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 village village NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **talk** | | Her *= she* | | | | | about the village | nom talk «communication intransitive»: poss=agent about=obl | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Tales of the East, How a Fish Swam in…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1775-pg641-part26/e1/) - next →: [Tales of the East, How a Fish Swam in…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1775-pg641-part26/e3/) - ↑ back to [Tales of the East, How a Fish Swam in the Air and a Hare in the Water, part 2: a pot of gold, a fake fish and hare, and a wife who spends it all](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1775-pg641-part26/)