---
title: Which of the following best describes the means by which Sinbad is t… — Arabian Nights, Sinbad the Sailor, par… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following best describes the means by which Sinbad is transported from the castle to the mountain top? Exam question 4 of lesson 179 «Arabian Nights, Sinbad the Sailor, part 19: a sad accident in the cave, then a lonely walk to a copper castle» of the books course of Mova's primary scho
---

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# Exam question 4 · Arabian Nights, Sinbad the Sailor, part 19: a sad accident…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following best describes the means by which Sinbad is transported from the castle to the mountain top?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** the · **What happens:** follow, describe, mean, transport · **To what, where:** Sinbad, castle · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 179 «Arabian Nights, Sinbad the Sailor, part 19: a sad accident in the cave, then a lonely walk to a copper castle» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/179-pg128-part19/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:179-pg128-part19:e4:1
# text = Which of the following best describes the means by which Sinbad is transported from the castle to the mountain top?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	case	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	nmod	_	_
6	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	nsubj	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obl	_	_
11	Sinbad	Sinbad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	transported	transport	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	ccomp	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present | the *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of the best | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent which=Theme |
| 3 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **transport** | present · passive |  | Sinbad |  | the castle |  | to the mountain top | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: subject=Theme from castle=Initial\_Location to top=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
he is sewn into a sheep-skin and carried aloft by a roc

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:179-pg128-part19:e4:o1:1
# text = he is sewn into a sheep-skin and carried aloft by a roc
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	sewn	sew	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	aloft	aloft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	roc	roc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sew** | present · passive |  | he |  | a sheep skin |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into skin=Product |
| 2 | **carry** | past |  |  |  |  |  | by a roc; aloft *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
he is sewn into a sheep-skin and carried aloft by a roc that drops him on a mountain top

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:179-pg128-part19:e4:o2:1
# text = he is sewn into a sheep-skin and carried aloft by a roc that drops him on a mountain top
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	sewn	sew	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	aloft	aloft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	roc	roc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
16	drops	drop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sew** | present · passive |  | he |  | a sheep skin |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into skin=Product |
| 2 | **carry** | past |  |  |  | a mountain top |  | by a roc; aloft *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **drop** | present | a roc | roc |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
he is sewn into a fresh sheep-skin, tied with cords, and borne away by a giant roc to the peaks

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:179-pg128-part19:e4:o3:1
# text = he is sewn into a fresh sheep-skin, tied with cords, and borne away by a giant roc to the peaks
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	sewn	sew	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
7	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	cords	cord	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	borne	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
17	away	away	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	roc	roc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	peaks	peak	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sew** | present · passive |  | he |  | a fresh sheep skin |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into skin=Product |
| 2 | **tie** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with cords | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient with cord=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **bear away** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by a giant roc; to the peaks; away *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
he is wrapped in a cloth and lowered down by ropes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:179-pg128-part19:e4:o4:1
# text = he is wrapped in a cloth and lowered down by ropes
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	wrapped	wrap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	lowered	lower	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
9	down	down	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	ropes	rope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wrap** | present · passive |  | he |  | a cloth |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in cloth=Destination |
| 2 | **lower down** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by ropes | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by rope=Destination |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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