---
title: Explain the reason why the Romans were able to rekindle their hearth… — Old Tales, Virgilius, part 65: Virgili… · tree and pragmatics
description: Explain the reason why the Romans were able to rekindle their hearths after the morning of the extinguished fires. Exam question 4 of lesson 1814 «Old Tales, Virgilius, part 65: Virgilius frees a spirit, gets the magic books, and faces his foes» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the
---

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# Exam question 4 · Old Tales, Virgilius, part 65: Virgilius frees a spirit, g…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Explain the reason why the Romans were able to rekindle their hearths after the morning of the extinguished fires.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, Romans · **What happens:** explain, be, rekindle · **To what, where:** reason, hearths

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 1814 «Old Tales, Virgilius, part 65: Virgilius frees a spirit, gets the magic books, and faces his foes» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1814-pg641-part65/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1814-pg641-part65:e4:1
# text = Explain the reason why the Romans were able to rekindle their hearths after the morning of the extinguished fires.
1	Explain	explain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Romans	Roman	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	advcl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	rekindle	rekindle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	hearths	hearth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	after	after	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	extinguished	extinguished	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* | the reason |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | past | the Romans |  |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **rekindle** | to-infinitive | the Romans *not said here* | Romans's hearths |  |  | morning |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hearth=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They kept the old embers

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1814-pg641-part65:e4:o1:1
# text = They kept the old embers
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	embers	ember	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | They | the old embers |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ember=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They took fire from the maiden clad in her white smock, as Virgilius had ordered

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1814-pg641-part65:e4:o2:1
# text = They took fire from the maiden clad in her white smock, as Virgilius had ordered
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	maiden	maiden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
7	clad	clad	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	smock	smock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	Virgilius	Virgilius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	ordered	order	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | They | fire |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme |
| 2 | **clad** | past | They *not said here* |  |  | the maiden |  | in her white smock | tree rules |
| 3 | **order** | past · perfect | Virgilius |  |  |  |  |  | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They took sparks from the emperor's own torches which had been kept lit in the palace

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1814-pg641-part65:e4:o3:1
# text = They took sparks from the emperor's own torches which had been kept lit in the palace
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sparks	spark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	emperor	emperor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	torches	torch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obj	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	lit	lit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	xcomp	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | They | sparks |  | the emperor's own torches |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent spark=Theme from torch=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **keep** | past · perfect · passive |  | the emperor's own torches |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **lit** | participle | the emperor's own torches *not said here* |  |  | the palace |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They lit new fires from a lamp kept burning in Virgilius's tower all night long

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1814-pg641-part65:e4:o4:1
# text = They lit new fires from a lamp kept burning in Virgilius's tower all night long
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lit	light	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	xcomp	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	Virgilius	Virgilius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
15	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
16	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **light** | past | They | new fires |  | a lamp |  | long *property* | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Product from lamp=Material |
| 2 | **keep** | participle |  | a lamp *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **burn** | gerund | a lamp *not said here* |  |  | Virgilius's tower | night |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tower=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Old Tales, Virgilius, part 65: Virgili…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1814-pg641-part65/e3/)
- next →: [Roumanian Fairy Tales, Mogarzea, part…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1816-pg641-part67/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Old Tales, Virgilius, part 65: Virgilius frees a spirit, gets the magic books, and faces his foes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1814-pg641-part65/)