---
title: By what means did the shepherd boy obtain the return of Mogarzea's s… — Roumanian Fairy Tales, Mogarzea, part… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means did the shepherd boy obtain the return of Mogarzea's soul? Exam question 1 of lesson 1816 «Roumanian Fairy Tales, Mogarzea, part 67: the shepherd boy wins back Mogarzea's soul» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Roumanian Fairy Tales, Mogarzea, part 67: the shepherd boy…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means did the shepherd boy obtain the return of Mogarzea's soul?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** soul · **What happens:** mean, do, obtain, return · **To what, where:** shepherd boy, return · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 1816 «Roumanian Fairy Tales, Mogarzea, part 67: the shepherd boy wins back Mogarzea's soul» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1816-pg641-part67/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1816-pg641-part67:e1:1
# text = By what means did the shepherd boy obtain the return of Mogarzea's soul?
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
4	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	obtain	obtain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	Mogarzea	Mogarzea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | past |  | the shepherd boy |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boy=Eventuality |
| 3 | **obtain** | present |  | the return of Mogarzea's soul |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset return=Theme |
| 4 | **return** |  | Mogarzea's soul |  |  |  |  |  | nom return «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By chopping the cherry tree in half and making the elves promise to return every stolen soul to its owner

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1816-pg641-part67:e1:o1:1
# text = By chopping the cherry tree in half and making the elves promise to return every stolen soul to its owner
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	chopping	chop	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	cherry	cherry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	2	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	elves	elf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	promise	promise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
15	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	det	_	_
16	stolen	steal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	_
17	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chop** | gerund |  | the cherry tree |  | half |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent tree=Patient in half=Location |
| 2 | **make** | gerund |  | the elves |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset elf=Product |
| 3 | **promise** *speech: promise* | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **return** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | every stolen soul |  | soul's owner |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent soul=Theme to owner=Destination |
| 5 | **steal** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By trapping the elves' fingers within a split cherry tree

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1816-pg641-part67:e1:o2:1
# text = By trapping the elves' fingers within a split cherry tree
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	trapping	trap	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	elves	elf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	'	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
7	within	within	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	split	split	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	cherry	cherry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trap** | gerund |  | the elves's fingers |  |  |  | within a split cherry tree | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By splitting an oak and hiding the elves' hands inside it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1816-pg641-part67:e1:o3:1
# text = By splitting an oak and hiding the elves' hands inside it
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	splitting	split	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	oak	oak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	hiding	hide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	elves	elf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
11	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **split** | gerund |  | a oak |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oak=Patient |
| 2 | **hide** | gerund |  | the elves's hands |  | oak |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hand=Patient inside it=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By luring the three elves into a split cherry tree and trapping their fingers there until they agreed

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1816-pg641-part67:e1:o4:1
# text = By luring the three elves into a split cherry tree and trapping their fingers there until they agreed
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	luring	lure	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	elves	elf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	split	split	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	cherry	cherry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	trapping	trap	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
16	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	agreed	agree	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lure** | gerund | fingers *= finger* *not said here* | the three elves |  |  |  | into a split cherry tree *result* | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent elf=Patient into tree=Result |
| 2 | **trap** | gerund | fingers *= finger* *not said here* | elves's fingers |  | there |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Patient |
| 3 | **agree** *speech: agree* | past | fingers *= finger* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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