---
title: Explain the method by which the old hag restores the lad to his form… — Indian Fairy Tales, The Son of Seven Q… · tree and pragmatics
description: Explain the method by which the old hag restores the lad to his former state, citing the materials employed. Exam question 3 of lesson 1839 «Indian Fairy Tales, The Son of Seven Queens: the lad comes back to life, and the wicked witch is punished» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with t
---

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# Exam question 3 · Indian Fairy Tales, The Son of Seven Queens: the lad comes…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Explain the method by which the old hag restores the lad to his former state, citing the materials employed.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, old hag, materials · **What happens:** explain, restore, cite, employ · **To what, where:** method, lad, former state

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 1839 «Indian Fairy Tales, The Son of Seven Queens: the lad comes back to life, and the wicked witch is punished» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1839-pg7128-part23/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1839-pg7128-part23:e3:1
# text = Explain the method by which the old hag restores the lad to his former state, citing the materials employed.
1	Explain	explain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	hag	hag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	restores	restore	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	lad	lad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	citing	cite	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	materials	material	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	employed	employ	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* | the method |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent method=Topic |
| 2 | **restore** | present | the old hag | the lad | hag's former state |  |  | by the method | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent lad=Theme to state=Recipient |
| 3 | **cite** | gerund | the old hag *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **employ** | past | the materials |  |  |  |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mixing the ashes with rice and salt, then baking it in the sun

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1839-pg7128-part23:e3:o1:1
# text = Mixing the ashes with rice and salt, then baking it in the sun
1	Mixing	mix	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	rice	rice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	_
10	baking	bake	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mix** | gerund |  | the ashes |  |  |  | with rice and salt | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent ash=Patient with rice=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **bake** | gerund |  | salt |  |  | then | in the sun | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient in sun=Instrument |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sprinkling the ashes with the lad's own tears and mud

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1839-pg7128-part23:e3:o2:1
# text = Sprinkling the ashes with the lad's own tears and mud
1	Sprinkling	sprinkle	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lad	lad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	tears	tear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sprinkle** | gerund |  | the ashes |  |  |  | with the lad's own tears and mud | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent ash=Destination with tear=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kneading the ashes into a paste, shaping it, and applying a drop of her own blood

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1839-pg7128-part23:e3:o3:1
# text = Kneading the ashes into a paste, shaping it, and applying a drop of her own blood
1	Kneading	knead	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	paste	paste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	shaping	shape	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	applying	apply	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	drop	drop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **knead** | gerund |  | the ashes |  | a paste |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent ash=Material into paste=Product |
| 2 | **shape** | gerund |  | paste |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
| 3 | **apply** | gerund |  | a drop of her own blood |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drop=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kneading the ashes into a paste with sacred river water, shaping it into a man, and applying a drop of her own blood at dawn

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1839-pg7128-part23:e3:o4:1
# text = Kneading the ashes into a paste with sacred river water, shaping it into a man, and applying a drop of her own blood at dawn
1	Kneading	knead	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	paste	paste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	sacred	sacred	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	shaping	shape	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	applying	apply	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	drop	drop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
24	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
26	at	at	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	dawn	dawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **knead** | gerund |  | the ashes |  | a paste |  | with sacred river water | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent ash=Material into paste=Product |
| 2 | **shape** | gerund |  | water |  |  |  | into a man | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent it=Material into man=Product |
| 3 | **apply** | gerund |  | a drop of her own blood |  |  | dawn |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drop=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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