---
title: Which of the following describes the means by which Sindbad effected… — Arabian Nights, Sindbad the Sailor, pa… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following describes the means by which Sindbad effected his escape from the Old Man of the Sea? Exam question 1 of lesson 188 «Arabian Nights, Sindbad the Sailor, part 28: Sindbad outwits the Old Man, grows rich, then is stranded on a cliff island» of the books course of Mova's primary 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Arabian Nights, Sindbad the Sailor, part 28: Sindbad outwi…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following describes the means by which Sindbad effected his escape from the Old Man of the Sea?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Sindbad · **What happens:** follow, describe, mean, affect, escape · **To what, where:** escape · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 188 «Arabian Nights, Sindbad the Sailor, part 28: Sindbad outwits the Old Man, grows rich, then is stranded on a cliff island» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/188-pg128-part28/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:188-pg128-part28:e1:1
# text = Which of the following describes the means by which Sindbad effected his escape from the Old Man of the Sea?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	nsubj	_	_
5	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	nsubj	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
10	Sindbad	Sindbad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	effected	affect	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	escape	escape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	Man	Man	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **affect** | past | Sindbad | Sindbad's escape |  |  |  | from the Old Man of the Sea | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus escape=Experiencer |
| 5 | **escape** |  | Sindbad |  |  |  |  |  | nom escape «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By inducing the creature to consume wine, thereby loosening its grip, and casting it to the ground

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:188-pg128-part28:e1:o1:1
# text = By inducing the creature to consume wine, thereby loosening its grip, and casting it to the ground
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	inducing	induce	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	creature	creature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	consume	consume	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	loosening	loosen	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	grip	grip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	casting	cast	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **induce** | gerund |  | the creature |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent creature=Patient |
| 2 | **consume** | to-infinitive |  | wine |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wine=Asset |
| 3 | **loosen** | gerund |  | wine's grip |  |  |  | thereby *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent grip=Patient |
| 4 | **cast** | gerund |  | grip |  | the ground |  |  | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme to ground=Destination |
| 5 | **grip** |  | wine |  |  |  |  |  | nom grip «act transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By tricking the creature into a drunken stupor and then hurling it to the ground with all his strength

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:188-pg128-part28:e1:o2:1
# text = By tricking the creature into a drunken stupor and then hurling it to the ground with all his strength
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	tricking	trick	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	creature	creature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	drunken	drunken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	stupor	stupor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
11	hurling	hurl	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	19	det:predet	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trick** | gerund |  | the creature |  |  |  | into a drunken stupor *result* | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent creature=Patient into stupor=Result |
| 2 | **hurl** | gerund |  | creature |  | the ground | then | with his strength | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme to ground=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By tricking it with a sweet drink and fleeing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:188-pg128-part28:e1:o3:1
# text = By tricking it with a sweet drink and fleeing
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	tricking	trick	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	fleeing	fleeing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trick** | gerund |  | it |  |  |  | with a sweet drink and fleeing | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By feeding it wine and throwing it aside

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:188-pg128-part28:e1:o4:1
# text = By feeding it wine and throwing it aside
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	feeding	feed	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	throwing	throw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	aside	aside	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feed** | gerund |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent it=Recipient wine=Theme |
| 2 | **throw** | gerund |  | wine |  |  |  | aside *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [Arabian Nights, Sindbad the Sailor, part 28: Sindbad outwits the Old Man, grows rich, then is stranded on a cliff island](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/188-pg128-part28/)