---
title: Which of the following statements is consistent with the established… — Alice in Wonderland, chapter X, part 1… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the snail in the Mock Turtle's song? Exam question 4 of lesson 19 «Alice in Wonderland, chapter X, part 1: The Lobster Quadrille (a dance, a whiting and a porpoise)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, wi
---

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# Exam question 4 · Alice in Wonderland, chapter X, part 1: The Lobster Quadri…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the snail in the Mock Turtle's song?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** established facts, Mock Turtle · **What happens:** follow, be, establish, concern, sing · **To what, where:** snail, song

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 19 «Alice in Wonderland, chapter X, part 1: The Lobster Quadrille (a dance, a whiting and a porpoise)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/19-alice-the-lobster-quadrille-1/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:19-alice-the-lobster-quadrille-1:e4:1
# text = Which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the snail in the Mock Turtle's song?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
12	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	snail	snail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	Mock	Mock	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	Turtle	Turtle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	's	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the following statements; with the established facts; consistent *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 4 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the snail |  | the Mock Turtle's song |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus snail=Experiencer |
| 5 | **sing** |  | the Mock Turtle |  |  |  |  |  | nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He declined to join the dance, judging the distance too great

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:19-alice-the-lobster-quadrille-1:e4:o1:1
# text = He declined to join the dance, judging the distance too great
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	declined	decline	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	join	join	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dance	dance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	judging	judge	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	too	too	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decline** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **join** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | the dance |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dance=Patient |
| 3 | **judge** | gerund | He *not said here* | the distance |  |  |  | great *property* | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent distance=Value |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He wished to dance, but the distance was too small

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:19-alice-the-lobster-quadrille-1:e4:o2:1
# text = He wished to dance, but the distance was too small
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wished	wish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	dance	dance	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	too	too	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wish** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **dance** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | the distance |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He accepted the invitation to join the dance but stopped halfway, as the distance seemed too great for a snail

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:19-alice-the-lobster-quadrille-1:e4:o3:1
# text = He accepted the invitation to join the dance but stopped halfway, as the distance seemed too great for a snail
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	accepted	accept	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	invitation	invitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	join	join	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	dance	dance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	halfway	halfway	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
17	too	too	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	xcomp	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	snail	snail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accept** | past | He | the invitation |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent invitation=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **join** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | the dance |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dance=Patient |
| 3 | **stop** | past | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | halfway *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 4 | **seem** | past | the distance |  |  |  |  | for a snail; great *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He declined to join the dance, judging the distance too great, and told the whiting so in a loud voice from the sand

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:19-alice-the-lobster-quadrille-1:e4:o4:1
# text = He declined to join the dance, judging the distance too great, and told the whiting so in a loud voice from the sand
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	declined	decline	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	join	join	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dance	dance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	judging	judge	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	too	too	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	whiting	whiting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	iobj	_	_
18	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
23	from	from	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decline** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **join** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | the dance |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dance=Patient |
| 3 | **judge** | gerund | He *not said here* | the distance |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent distance=Value |
| 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | He *not said here* |  | the whiting | a loud voice from the sand |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent whiting=Recipient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [Alice in Wonderland, chapter X, part 1: The Lobster Quadrille (a dance, a whiting and a porpoise)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/19-alice-the-lobster-quadrille-1/)