---
title: Which of the following best identifies the means by which the young… — Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Story of a Cl… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following best identifies the means by which the young tailor subdued the bear during the night? Exam question 3 of lesson 1933 «Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Story of a Clever Tailor: the tailor guesses the Princess's hair and tames the bear» of the books course of Mova's primary school, wi
---

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# Exam question 3 · Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Story of a Clever Tailor: the tai…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following best identifies the means by which the young tailor subdued the bear during the night?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** the, young tailor · **What happens:** follow, identify, mean, subdue · **To what, where:** bear · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 1933 «Grimm's Fairy Tales, The Story of a Clever Tailor: the tailor guesses the Princess's hair and tames the bear» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1933-pg7277-part70/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1933-pg7277-part70:e3:1
# text = Which of the following best identifies the means by which the young tailor subdued the bear during the night?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	case	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	nmod	_	_
6	identifies	identify	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	nsubj	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	tailor	tailor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	subdued	subdue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	during	during	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **identify** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the best | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent which=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 3 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **subdue** | past | the young tailor | the bear |  |  | night |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bear=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He tricked it with pebbles, fiddled, and locked its legs in iron chains.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1933-pg7277-part70:e3:o1:1
# text = He tricked it with pebbles, fiddled, and locked its legs in iron chains.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tricked	trick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	pebbles	pebble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	fiddled	fiddle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	locked	lock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	chains	chain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trick** | past | He | it |  |  |  | with pebbles | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 2 | **fiddle** | participle |  | pebbles *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn trifle-105.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lock** | past |  | its legs |  | iron chains |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He substituted pebbles for nuts, taught it to fiddle, locked its paws in stocks, and bounced it around the stable.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1933-pg7277-part70:e3:o2:1
# text = He substituted pebbles for nuts, taught it to fiddle, locked its paws in stocks, and bounced it around the stable.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	substituted	substitute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	pebbles	pebble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	nuts	nut	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	taught	teach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	fiddle	fiddle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	locked	lock	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	obj	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	paws	paw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	stocks	stock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	bounced	bounce	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	around	around	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	stable	stable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **substitute** | past | He | pebbles |  |  |  | for nuts | vn substitute-13.6.2 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Theme pebble=Location |
| 2 | **teach** *speech: other* | past | He *not said here* |  | it |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent it=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **fiddle** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn trifle-105.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **lock** | participle |  | its paws |  | stocks |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paw=Patient |
| 5 | **bounce** | past | He *not said here* | it |  | the stable |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme around stable=Trajectory |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He substituted pebbles for nuts, taught fiddling, and secured its paws in stocks

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1933-pg7277-part70:e3:o3:1
# text = He substituted pebbles for nuts, taught fiddling, and secured its paws in stocks
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	substituted	substitute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	pebbles	pebble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	nuts	nut	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	taught	teach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	fiddling	fiddle	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	secured	secure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	paws	paw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	stocks	stock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **substitute** | past | He | pebbles |  |  |  | for nuts | vn substitute-13.6.2 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Theme pebble=Location |
| 2 | **teach** *speech: other* | past | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **fiddle** | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn trifle-105.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **secure** | past | He *not said here* | its paws |  | stocks |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition paw=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He substituted pebbles for nuts, taught fiddling, secured its paws in stocks, and then asked for a reward.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1933-pg7277-part70:e3:o4:1
# text = He substituted pebbles for nuts, taught fiddling, secured its paws in stocks, and then asked for a reward.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	substituted	substitute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	pebbles	pebble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	nuts	nut	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	taught	teach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
8	fiddling	fiddle	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	secured	secure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	paws	paw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	stocks	stock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	18	advmod	_	_
18	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	reward	reward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **substitute** | past | He | pebbles |  |  |  | for nuts | vn substitute-13.6.2 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Theme pebble=Location |
| 2 | **teach** *speech: other* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **fiddle** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn trifle-105.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **secure** | past |  | its paws |  | stocks |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition paw=Theme |
| 5 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past |  |  |  |  | then | for a reward | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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