---
title: Which of the following accurately describes the means by which the p… — Irish Fairy Tales, Guleesh, part 3: Gu… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following accurately describes the means by which the princess was rendered invisible to the assembly? Exam question 1 of lesson 1984 «Irish Fairy Tales, Guleesh, part 3: Guleesh rides with the sheehogues to a wedding feast, and the princess is carried off» of the books course of Mova's
---

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# Exam question 1 · Irish Fairy Tales, Guleesh, part 3: Guleesh rides with the…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following accurately describes the means by which the princess was rendered invisible to the assembly?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** the · **What happens:** follow, describe, mean, render · **To what, where:** princess · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 1984 «Irish Fairy Tales, Guleesh, part 3: Guleesh rides with the sheehogues to a wedding feast, and the princess is carried off» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1984-pg7885-part3/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1984-pg7885-part3:e1:1
# text = Which of the following accurately describes the means by which the princess was rendered invisible to the assembly?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	nsubj	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	rendered	render	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	ccomp	_	_
15	invisible	invisible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	xcomp	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	assembly	assembly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  |  |  |  |  | accurately *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **render** | past · passive |  | the princess |  |  |  | invisible *property* | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was struck down by a word and an object thrown upon her

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1984-pg7885-part3:e1:o1:1
# text = She was struck down by a word and an object thrown upon her
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	struck	strike	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
11	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike down** | past · passive | a word and a object | She |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent subject=Instrument |
| 2 | **throw** | participle |  | a object *not said here* |  |  |  | upon her *= she* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent upon she=Destination |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was hidden by a cloak thrown over her with a spoken word

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1984-pg7885-part3:e1:o2:1
# text = She was hidden by a cloak thrown over her with a spoken word
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	hidden	hide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cloak	cloak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	_
13	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | past · passive |  | She |  |  |  | by a cloak | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Patient by cloak=Location |
| 2 | **throw** | participle |  | a cloak *not said here* |  |  |  | over her *= she*; with a spoken word | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent over she=Destination |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was cast into sleep by a charm and a cloth

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1984-pg7885-part3:e1:o3:1
# text = She was cast into sleep by a charm and a cloth
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	cast	cast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	charm	charm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cast** | past · passive | a charm and a cloth | She |  | sleep |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent subject=Material into sleep=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was made to vanish by a cloth tossed over her with a spoken word and a stern glance from the king

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1984-pg7885-part3:e1:o4:1
# text = She was made to vanish by a cloth tossed over her with a spoken word and a stern glance from the king
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	vanish	vanish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	tossed	toss	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	stern	stern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	glance	glance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · passive |  | She |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **vanish** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **toss** | past | a cloth |  |  |  |  | over her *= she*; with a spoken word and a stern glance from the king | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent with word=Material |
| 4 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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