---
title: In the light of the foregoing passage, which of the following statem… — Celtic Fairy Tales, Donald O'Neary: th… · tree and pragmatics
description: In the light of the foregoing passage, which of the following statements concerning the events at the Brown Lake is correct? Exam question 1 of lesson 1992 «Celtic Fairy Tales, Donald O'Neary: the cheats drown the wrong man and chase clouds in the lake» of the books course of Mova's primary school, 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Celtic Fairy Tales, Donald O'Neary: the cheats drown the w…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the light of the foregoing passage, which of the following statements concerning the events at the Brown Lake is correct?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** following statements · **What happens:** follow, concern, be, light · **To what, where:** events, Brown Lake, light, foregoing passage

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 1992 «Celtic Fairy Tales, Donald O'Neary: the cheats drown the wrong man and chase clouds in the lake» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1992-pg7885-part11/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1992-pg7885-part11:e1:1
# text = In the light of the foregoing passage, which of the following statements concerning the events at the Brown Lake is correct?
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	foregoing	foregoing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	passage	passage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	amod	_	_
13	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
14	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	acl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	events	event	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	Brown	Brown	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	Lake	Lake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	correct	correct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **concern** | gerund | the following statements *not said here* | the events |  | the Brown Lake |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus event=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  | the light of the foregoing passage and the following statements |  | correct *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **light** |  |  | the foregoing passage and the following statements |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dudden leapt into the lake in order to secure the cattle before Hudden

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1992-pg7885-part11:e1:o1:1
# text = Dudden leapt into the lake in order to secure the cattle before Hudden
1	Dudden	Dudden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	leapt	leapt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	secure	secure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	before	before	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Hudden	Hudden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leapt** | past | Dudden |  |  | the lake |  | in order | tree rules |
| 2 | **secure** | to-infinitive | Dudden *not said here* | the cattle |  |  | before Hudden |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition cattle=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hudden jumped in to grab the cattle first

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1992-pg7885-part11:e1:o2:1
# text = Hudden jumped in to grab the cattle first
1	Hudden	Hudden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	grab	grab	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump in** | past | Hudden |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **grab** | to-infinitive | Hudden *not said here* | the cattle |  |  |  | first *property* | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cattle=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hudden leapt into the lake to secure the cattle and Dudden followed him in with the sack

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1992-pg7885-part11:e1:o3:1
# text = Hudden leapt into the lake to secure the cattle and Dudden followed him in with the sack
1	Hudden	Hudden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	leapt	leapt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	secure	secure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	Dudden	Dudden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	followed	follow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	in	in	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	sack	sack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leapt** | past | Hudden |  |  | the lake |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **secure** | to-infinitive | Hudden *not said here* | the cattle |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition cattle=Theme |
| 3 | **follow** | past | Dudden | cattle |  |  |  | with the sack | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dudden leapt into the lake to secure the cattle before Hudden, who had already been tricked by Donald's white clouds on the surface

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1992-pg7885-part11:e1:o4:1
# text = Dudden leapt into the lake to secure the cattle before Hudden, who had already been tricked by Donald's white clouds on the surface
1	Dudden	Dudden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	leapt	leapt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	secure	secure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	before	before	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Hudden	Hudden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
15	already	already	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
16	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	tricked	trick	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	Donald	Donald	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	's	's	PART	POS	_	19	case	_	_
21	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leapt** | past | Dudden |  |  | the lake |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **secure** | to-infinitive | Dudden *not said here* | the cattle |  |  | before Hudden |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition cattle=Theme |
| 3 | **trick** | past · perfect · passive | Donald's white clouds on the surface | the cattle |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 4 | **cloud** |  | Donald |  |  | the surface |  |  | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent on=place |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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