---
title: To which of the following events does the lake-maiden's statement "T… — Celtic Fairy Tales, The Shepherd of My… · tree and pragmatics
description: To which of the following events does the lake-maiden's statement "The last blow has been struck" refer? Exam question 2 of lesson 1993 «Celtic Fairy Tales, The Shepherd of Myddvai: the lake-maiden leaves after three blows» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and p
---

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# Exam question 2 · Celtic Fairy Tales, The Shepherd of Myddvai: the lake-maid…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To which of the following events does the lake-maiden's statement "The last blow has been struck" refer?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** lake maiden · **What happens:** follow, do, strike, refer, state · **To what, where:** statement, last blow

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 1993 «Celtic Fairy Tales, The Shepherd of Myddvai: the lake-maiden leaves after three blows» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/1993-pg7885-part12/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1993-pg7885-part12:e2:1
# text = To which of the following events does the lake-maiden's statement "The last blow has been struck" refer?
1	To	to	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	events	event	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
7	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	maiden	maiden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
14	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	blow	blow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
18	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	struck	strike	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	_
22	refer	refer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **do** | present |  | the lake maiden's statement |  |  |  | of the following events | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent statement=Eventuality |
| 3 | **strike** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | the last blow |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **refer** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **state** |  | the lake maiden |  |  |  |  |  | nom statement «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The third blow, struck upon her shoulder at a funeral, when she laughed at the mourners

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1993-pg7885-part12:e2:o1:1
# text = The third blow, struck upon her shoulder at a funeral, when she laughed at the mourners
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	blow	blow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	15	mark	_	_
14	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	mourners	mourner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | past | the third blow |  |  |  |  | upon blow's shoulder; at a funeral | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at funeral=Patient |
| 2 | **laugh** | past | blow |  |  | the mourners |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The third blow, struck upon her shoulder at a funeral

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1993-pg7885-part12:e2:o2:1
# text = The third blow, struck upon her shoulder at a funeral
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	blow	blow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | past | the third blow |  |  |  |  | upon blow's shoulder; at a funeral | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at funeral=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The second blow, struck upon her arm at a wedding

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1993-pg7885-part12:e2:o3:1
# text = The second blow, struck upon her arm at a wedding
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	blow	blow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | past | the second blow |  |  |  |  | upon blow's arm; at a wedding | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at wedding=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The blow struck upon her shoulder at a wedding feast after she had wept over the bread and her cows

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:1993-pg7885-part12:e2:o4:1
# text = The blow struck upon her shoulder at a wedding feast after she had wept over the bread and her cows
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	blow	blow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
11	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	wept	weep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
15	over	over	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | past | the blow |  |  |  |  | upon blow's shoulder; at a wedding feast | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at feast=Patient |
| 2 | **weep** | past · perfect | blow |  |  | the bread and blow's cows |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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