---
title: With reference to the text, what was the cause of the Gruagach's sil… — Celtic Fairy Tales, Gruagach Gaire: th… · tree and pragmatics
description: With reference to the text, what was the cause of the Gruagach's silence? Exam question 1 of lesson 2004 «Celtic Fairy Tales, Gruagach Gaire: the cowboy makes the giant laugh and stops a wedding» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question an
---

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# Exam question 1 · Celtic Fairy Tales, Gruagach Gaire: the cowboy makes the g…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With reference to the text, what was the cause of the Gruagach's silence?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** reference, Gruagach · **What happens:** be, silence · **To what, where:** cause

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 2004 «Celtic Fairy Tales, Gruagach Gaire: the cowboy makes the giant laugh and stops a wedding» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/2004-pg7885-part23/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2004-pg7885-part23:e1:1
# text = With reference to the text, what was the cause of the Gruagach's silence?
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	10	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Gruagach	Gruagach	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	's	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	silence	silence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | reference to the text and the cause | the cause |  |  |  | of the Gruagach's silence | tree rules |
| 2 | **silence** |  | the Gruagach |  |  |  |  |  | nom silence «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
his sons were gone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2004-pg7885-part23:e1:o1:1
# text = his sons were gone
1	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	gone	gone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | his sons |  |  |  |  | gone *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
the loss of his twelve sons and his flayed back

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2004-pg7885-part23:e1:o2:1
# text = the loss of his twelve sons and his flayed back
1	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	flayed	flay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
10	back	back	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flay back** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
the death of his wife and his burned hall

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2004-pg7885-part23:e1:o3:1
# text = the death of his wife and his burned hall
1	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	burned	burn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **die** |  | his wife and his burned hall |  |  |  |  |  | nom death «event intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
the loss of his twelve sons and his stolen cloak

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2004-pg7885-part23:e1:o4:1
# text = the loss of his twelve sons and his stolen cloak
1	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	stolen	steal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	cloak	cloak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **steal** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Celtic Fairy Tales, Gruagach Gaire: th…, test 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/2004-pg7885-part23/t14/)
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