---
title: Determine the meaning, in the context of the passage, of the express… — Irish Fairy Tales, Jack the Fool, part… · tree and pragmatics
description: Determine the meaning, in the context of the passage, of the expression "saddleskirts" as used in the first day's service. Exam question 4 of lesson 2014 «Irish Fairy Tales, Jack the Fool, part 33: Jack hires himself to the Gray Churl and turns every order against him» of the books course of Mova's 
---

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# Exam question 4 · Irish Fairy Tales, Jack the Fool, part 33: Jack hires hims…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Determine the meaning, in the context of the passage, of the expression "saddleskirts" as used in the first day's service.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, first day · **What happens:** determine, use, service · **To what, where:** meaning, service

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 2014 «Irish Fairy Tales, Jack the Fool, part 33: Jack hires himself to the Gray Churl and turns every order against him» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/2014-pg7885-part33/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2014-pg7885-part33:e4:1
# text = Determine the meaning, in the context of the passage, of the expression "saddleskirts" as used in the first day's service.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	context	context	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	parataxis	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	passage	passage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	expression	expression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	saddleskirts	saddleskirt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
18	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
19	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	ccomp	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	23	amod	_	_
23	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	's	's	PART	POS	_	23	case	_	_
25	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* | the meaning |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  | the first day's service |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **service** |  | the first day |  |  |  |  |  | nom service «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Soaked to the skin by the rain and the mud

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2014-pg7885-part33:e4:o1:1
# text = Soaked to the skin by the rain and the mud
1	Soaked	soak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **soak** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | to the skin; by the rain and the mud | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Exhausted by overwork until the limit of endurance

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2014-pg7885-part33:e4:o2:1
# text = Exhausted by overwork until the limit of endurance
1	Exhausted	exhaust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	overwork	overwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
4	until	until	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	limit	limit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	endurance	endurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exhaust** | participle |  |  |  |  | until the limit of endurance | by overwork | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Exhausted by overwork until the limit of endurance and unable to stand up straight at all

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2014-pg7885-part33:e4:o3:1
# text = Exhausted by overwork until the limit of endurance and unable to stand up straight at all
1	Exhausted	exhaust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	overwork	overwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
4	until	until	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	limit	limit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	endurance	endurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	unable	unable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	up	up	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exhaust** | participle |  |  |  |  | until the limit of endurance | by overwork | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **stand up** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | all |  | straight *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at all=Location |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Exhausted by overwork until the limit of endurance, and then sent to bed without any supper

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2014-pg7885-part33:e4:o4:1
# text = Exhausted by overwork until the limit of endurance, and then sent to bed without any supper
1	Exhausted	exhaust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	advcl	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	overwork	overwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
4	until	until	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	limit	limit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	endurance	endurance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
12	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
15	without	without	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	17	det	_	_
17	supper	supper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exhaust** | participle |  |  |  |  | until the limit of endurance | by overwork | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **send** | past |  |  |  | bed | then | without any supper | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to bed=Destination |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Irish Fairy Tales, Jack the Fool, part…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/2014-pg7885-part33/e3/)
- next →: [Celtic Fairy Tales, Gellert: Llewelyn…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/2015-pg7885-part34/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Irish Fairy Tales, Jack the Fool, part 33: Jack hires himself to the Gray Churl and turns every order against him](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/2014-pg7885-part33/)