---
title: With reference to the text, what reason does the Miller give for not… — The Happy Prince, The Devoted Friend,… · tree and pragmatics
description: With reference to the text, what reason does the Miller give for not visiting Hans in winter? Exam question 2 of lesson 2036 «The Happy Prince, The Devoted Friend, part 6: Hans greets the Miller in spring» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the q
---

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# Exam question 2 · The Happy Prince, The Devoted Friend, part 6: Hans greets…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With reference to the text, what reason does the Miller give for not visiting Hans in winter?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Miller · **What happens:** give, not visit · **To what, where:** Hans

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 2036 «The Happy Prince, The Devoted Friend, part 6: Hans greets the Miller in spring» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/2036-pg902-part6/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2036-pg902-part6:e2:1
# text = With reference to the text, what reason does the Miller give for not visiting Hans in winter?
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	reference	reference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	obj	_	_
8	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Miller	Miller	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
13	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	visiting	visit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
16	Hans	Han	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · do-support | the Miller |  |  |  |  | with reference to the text | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **visit** | gerund | the Miller *not said here* | Hans |  |  | winter |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent han=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That people in trouble should be left alone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2036-pg902-part6:e2:o1:1
# text = That people in trouble should be left alone
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	alone	alone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | should · passive |  | that people in trouble |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He says Hans has his own pride

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2036-pg902-part6:e2:o2:1
# text = He says Hans has his own pride
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Hans	Hans	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	pride	pride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | present | Hans | Hans's own pride |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pride=Patient |
| 3 | **pride** |  | Hans |  |  |  |  |  | nom pride «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is raining

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2036-pg902-part6:e2:o3:1
# text = It is raining
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	raining	rain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rain** | present · progressive | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Because the roads are muddy and cold

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:2036-pg902-part6:e2:o4:1
# text = Because the roads are muddy and cold
1	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	muddy	muddy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the roads |  |  |  |  | muddy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the roads *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [The Happy Prince, The Devoted Friend,…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/2036-pg902-part6/e1/)
- next →: [The Happy Prince, The Devoted Friend,…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/2036-pg902-part6/e3/)
- ↑ back to [The Happy Prince, The Devoted Friend, part 6: Hans greets the Miller in spring](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/2036-pg902-part6/)