---
title: Which of the following most accurately describes the manner in which… — Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following most accurately describes the manner in which the merchant's wife endeavoured to dissuade her husband from opening the vase? Exam question 1 of lesson 219 «Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of Bagdad, part 1: Ali hides gold in a vase of olives, and his friend steals it» of t
---

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# Exam question 1 · Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of Bagdad, part 1: Ali…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following most accurately describes the manner in which the merchant's wife endeavoured to dissuade her husband from opening the vase?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** wife · **What happens:** follow, describe, endeavour, dissuade, open · **To what, where:** manner, husband, vase

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 219 «Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of Bagdad, part 1: Ali hides gold in a vase of olives, and his friend steals it» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/219-pg128-part59/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:219-pg128-part59:e1:1
# text = Which of the following most accurately describes the manner in which the merchant's wife endeavoured to dissuade her husband from opening the vase?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	6	advmod	_	_
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	obl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	's	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	endeavoured	endeavour	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	dissuade	dissuade	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	husband	husband	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
22	opening	open	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	vase	vase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  | the manner |  |  |  | accurately *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent manner=Theme |
| 3 | **endeavour** | past | the merchant's wife |  |  | the manner |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **dissuade** | to-infinitive | the merchant's wife *not said here* |  | wife's husband |  |  |  | vn discourage-64.5 «NP V NP PP.eventuality»: agent=Causer husband=Beneficiary |
| 5 | **open** | gerund | the merchant's wife *not said here* | the vase |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location vase=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She warned him not to commit betrayal

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:219-pg128-part59:e1:o1:1
# text = She warned him not to commit betrayal
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	commit	commit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
7	betrayal	betrayal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | She |  | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **commit** | to-infinitive |  | betrayal |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent betrayal=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She warned him against a betrayal

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:219-pg128-part59:e1:o2:1
# text = She warned him against a betrayal
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	betrayal	betrayal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | She |  | him *= he* |  |  | against a betrayal | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent he=Recipient against betrayal=Topic |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She pleaded with him to avoid betrayal

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:219-pg128-part59:e1:o3:1
# text = She pleaded with him to avoid betrayal
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pleaded	plead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	avoid	avoid	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	betrayal	betrayal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plead** *speech: request* | past | She |  |  |  |  | with him *= he* | tree rules |
| 2 | **avoid** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | betrayal |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent betrayal=Location |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She cautioned him against an act of betrayal

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:219-pg128-part59:e1:o4:1
# text = She cautioned him against an act of betrayal
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cautioned	caution	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	betrayal	betrayal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **caution** *speech: other* | past | She |  | him *= he* |  |  | against a act of betrayal | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent he=Recipient against act=Topic |
| 2 | **act** |  | betrayal |  |  |  |  |  | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of…, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/219-pg128-part59/t12/)
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