---
title: Which of the following most accurately describes the reason Ali Cogi… — Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following most accurately describes the reason Ali Cogia gave for deciding to undertake his pilgrimage at last? Exam question 3 of lesson 219 «Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of Bagdad, part 1: Ali hides gold in a vase of olives, and his friend steals it» of the books course of Mova
---

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# Exam question 3 · Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of Bagdad, part 1: Ali…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following most accurately describes the reason Ali Cogia gave for deciding to undertake his pilgrimage at last?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Ali · **What happens:** follow, describe, give, decide, undertake · **To what, where:** reason, pilgrimage, last

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 219 «Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of Bagdad, part 1: Ali hides gold in a vase of olives, and his friend steals it» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/219-pg128-part59/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:219-pg128-part59:e3:1
# text = Which of the following most accurately describes the reason Ali Cogia gave for deciding to undertake his pilgrimage at last?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	6	advmod	_	_
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	Ali	Ali	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	Cogia	Cogia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	flat	_	_
12	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	deciding	decide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	undertake	undertake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	pilgrimage	pilgrimage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  | the reason |  |  |  | accurately *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 3 | **give** | past | Ali | the reason *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 4 | **decide** | gerund | Ali *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **undertake** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Ali *not said here* | Ali's pilgrimage |  | last |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pilgrimage=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He kept having a warning dream from God

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:219-pg128-part59:e3:o1:1
# text = He kept having a warning dream from God
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	dream	dream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | gerund | He *not said here* | a warning dream |  |  |  | from God | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dream=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was warned by the same dream

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:219-pg128-part59:e3:o2:1
# text = He was warned by the same dream
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	warned	warn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	dream	dream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past · passive | the same dream | He |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He had been warned by a repeated dream

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:219-pg128-part59:e3:o3:1
# text = He had been warned by a repeated dream
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	warned	warn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	repeated	repeat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	dream	dream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past · perfect · passive | a repeated dream | He |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **repeat** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He had been warned by a repeated dream in which an old man scolded him for delaying

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:219-pg128-part59:e3:o4:1
# text = He had been warned by a repeated dream in which an old man scolded him for delaying
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	warned	warn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	repeated	repeat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	dream	dream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obl	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	scolded	scold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	delaying	delay	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past · perfect · passive | a repeated dream | He |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **repeat** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **scold** | past | a old man | him *= he* |  | a repeated dream |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 4 | **delay** | gerund | a old man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn delay-53.3-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/219-pg128-part59/e2/)
- next →: [Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/219-pg128-part59/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of Bagdad, part 1: Ali hides gold in a vase of olives, and his friend steals it](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/219-pg128-part59/)