--- title: By what means did the Princess establish the identity of the young m… — Fairy Tales, The Youngest Prince and t… · tree and pragmatics description: By what means did the Princess establish the identity of the young man she had seen at the castle? Exam question 3 of lesson 256 «Fairy Tales, The Youngest Prince and the Apples, part 23: the bear's forest, the watch in the tree and the handkerchief test» of the books course of Mova's primary school --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/256-pg14241-part23/e3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [Fairy Tales, The Youngest Prince and t…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/256-pg14241-part23/) / e3 # Exam question 3 · Fairy Tales, The Youngest Prince and the Apples, part 23:… By what means did the Princess establish the identity of the young man she had seen at the castle? **Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Princess, she · **What happens:** mean, do, establish, see · **To what, where:** identity, young man, castle This is exam question 3 of lesson 256 «Fairy Tales, The Youngest Prince and the Apples, part 23: the bear's forest, the watch in the tree and the handkerchief test» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/256-pg14241-part23/#e3). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:256-pg14241-part23:e3:1 # text = By what means did the Princess establish the identity of the young man she had seen at the castle? 1 By by ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 4 obj _ _ 3 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 acl:relcl _ _ 4 did do VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 Princess Princes PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 7 establish establish VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 ccomp _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 identity identity NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 14 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 15 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 16 seen see VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 13 acl:relcl _ _ 17 at at ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 castle castle NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 20 ? ? PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **do** | past | | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **establish** | present | the Princess | the identity of the young man | | | | | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent identity=Patient | | 4 | **see** | past · perfect | she | the young man *not said here* | | the castle | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} By making him walk across a handkerchief without stumbling, after first questioning every guard at the castle gate ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:256-pg14241-part23:e3:o1:1 # text = By making him walk across a handkerchief without stumbling, after first questioning every guard at the castle gate 1 By by SCONJ IN _ 2 mark _ _ 2 making make VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 3 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ _ 4 walk walk VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 across across ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 handkerchief handkerchief NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 without without SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 9 stumbling stumble VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 after after SCONJ IN _ 13 mark _ _ 12 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 13 advmod _ _ 13 questioning question VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 14 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 15 det _ _ 15 guard guard NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 16 at at ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 castle castle NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 gate gate NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | gerund | you *not said here* | him *= he* | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset he=Product | | 2 | **walk** | imperative | you *not said here* | | | a handkerchief | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across handkerchief=Trajectory | | 3 | **stumble** | gerund | you *not said here* | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **question** *speech: other* | gerund | you *not said here* | every guard | | the castle gate | | first *property* | vn interrogate-37.1.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guard=Recipient | ### Option 2 {#o2} By asking him to name his brothers and father in front of her ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:256-pg14241-part23:e3:o2:1 # text = By asking him to name his brothers and father in front of her 1 By by SCONJ IN _ 2 mark _ _ 2 asking ask VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 3 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 name name VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 xcomp _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 brothers brother NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 front front NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund | | | him *= he* | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | | 2 | **name** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | | his brothers and father | | front of her | | | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Theme | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} By requiring him to walk over a handkerchief without stumbling ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:256-pg14241-part23:e3:o3:1 # text = By requiring him to walk over a handkerchief without stumbling 1 By by SCONJ IN _ 2 mark _ _ 2 requiring require VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 3 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 walk walk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 xcomp _ _ 6 over over ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 handkerchief handkerchief NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 9 without without SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 10 stumbling stumble VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 advcl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **require** | gerund | | him *= he* | | | | | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | | 2 | **walk** | to-infinitive | | | | a handkerchief | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over handkerchief=Trajectory | | 3 | **stumble** | gerund | | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4} By having all the sons walk across a handkerchief laid on the floor of the great hall, while her maids watched closely from the balcony above ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:256-pg14241-part23:e3:o4:1 # text = By having all the sons walk across a handkerchief laid on the floor of the great hall, while her maids watched closely from the balcony above 1 By by SCONJ IN _ 2 mark _ _ 2 having have VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 advcl _ _ 3 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 5 det:predet _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 sons son NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 6 walk walk VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 across across ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 handkerchief handkerchief NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 10 laid lay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 acl _ _ 11 on on ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 floor floor NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 hall hall NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 while while SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 20 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 maids maid NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 22 watched watch VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 23 closely closely ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 24 from from ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 balcony balcony NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 27 above above ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | gerund | all sons *not said here* | | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **walk** | present | all sons | | | a handkerchief | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across handkerchief=Trajectory | | 3 | **lay** | participle | | a handkerchief *not said here* | | the floor of the great hall | | | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on floor=Destination | | 4 | **watch** | past | her maids | | | the balcony | | above, closely *property* | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. 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