---
title: Identify the means by which the young man conveys himself from Switz… — Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Galoshes o… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the means by which the young man conveys himself from Switzerland to Italy, and state whether the text presents this transfer as physically achieved. Exam question 1 of lesson 284 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Galoshes of Fortune: the young man dies and Care takes the galoshes» of the books 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Galoshes of Fortune: the young…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the means by which the young man conveys himself from Switzerland to Italy, and state whether the text presents this transfer as physically achieved.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, the, young man, state · **What happens:** identify, mean, convey, present, achieve · **To what, where:** man, Italy, Switzerland, transfer

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 284 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Galoshes of Fortune: the young man dies and Care takes the galoshes» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/284-pg1597-part11/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:284-pg1597-part11:e1:1
# text = Identify the means by which the young man conveys himself from Switzerland to Italy, and state whether the text presents this transfer as physically achieved.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	conveys	convey	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
10	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	9	obj	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Switzerland	Switzerland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Italy	Italy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
17	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
18	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	presents	present	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
22	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	23	det	_	_
23	transfer	transfer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	26	cc	_	_
25	physically	physically	ADV	RB	_	24	fixed	_	_
26	achieved	achieve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **convey** | present | the young man | man | Italy | Switzerland |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent himself=Theme from switzerland=Initial\_Location to italy=Destination |
| 4 | **present** | present | state  the text | this transfer |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent transfer=Theme |
| 5 | **achieve** | participle | state  the text *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn complete-55.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He walks across the Alps on foot, a journey the text declines to describe

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:284-pg1597-part11:e1:o1:1
# text = He walks across the Alps on foot, a journey the text declines to describe
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walks	walk	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	across	across	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Alps	Alp	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	declines	decline	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	describe	describe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | present | He |  |  | the Alps |  | on foot | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across alp=Trajectory |
| 2 | **decline** | present | the text | a journey *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **describe** | to-infinitive | the text *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He travels by coach over the mountain passes, as the text describes at length

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:284-pg1597-part11:e1:o2:1
# text = He travels by coach over the mountain passes, as the text describes at length
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	travels	travel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	over	over	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	passes	pass	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | present | He |  |  |  |  | by coach | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by coach=Trajectory |
| 2 | **pass** | present | the mountain |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **describe** | present | the text |  |  | length |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He relocates by wish alone, and the text presents the transfer as accomplished

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:284-pg1597-part11:e1:o3:1
# text = He relocates by wish alone, and the text presents the transfer as accomplished
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	relocates	relocate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	wish	wish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	presents	present	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	transfer	transfer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	accomplished	accomplish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **relocate** | present | He |  |  |  |  | by wish; alone *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **present** | present | the text | the transfer |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent transfer=Theme |
| 3 | **accomplish** | participle | the text *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn complete-55.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is carried across by the beggars, who are described as strong bearers

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:284-pg1597-part11:e1:o4:1
# text = He is carried across by the beggars, who are described as strong bearers
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	carried	carry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	across	across	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	beggars	beggar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	described	describe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	bearers	bearer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | present · passive | the beggars | He |  |  |  | across *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present · passive |  | the beggars |  |  |  | as strong bearers | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Theme as bearer=Attribute |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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