---
title: Which phrase best describes the learned man's response on seeing his… — Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, pa… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which phrase best describes the learned man's response on seeing his former shadow restored as a gentleman? Exam question 1 of lesson 304 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, part 31: the shadow returns as a fine gentleman and boasts of what he saw» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with
---

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# Exam question 1 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, part 31: the shadow re…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which phrase best describes the learned man's response on seeing his former shadow restored as a gentleman?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** phrase, response · **What happens:** describe, learn, see, restore, shadow · **To what, where:** response, former shadow

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 304 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, part 31: the shadow returns as a fine gentleman and boasts of what he saw» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/304-pg1597-part31/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:304-pg1597-part31:e1:1
# text = Which phrase best describes the learned man's response on seeing his former shadow restored as a gentleman?
1	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	phrase	phrase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	best	well	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	4	advmod	_	_
4	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	learned	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
10	on	on	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	seeing	see	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	restored	restore	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
16	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	gentleman	gentleman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | present | which phrase | the learned man's response |  |  |  | well *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **learn** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **see** | gerund | the learned man's response *not said here* | phrase's former shadow |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer shadow=Stimulus |
| 4 | **restore** | participle |  | phrase's former shadow *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **shadow** |  | phrase |  |  |  |  |  | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He feels amazed and says he could not recover his composure at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:304-pg1597-part31:e1:o1:1
# text = He feels amazed and says he could not recover his composure at all
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	amazed	amazed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	recover	recover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	composure	composure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present | He |  |  |  |  | amazed *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **recover** | could | he | his composure |  | all |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent composure=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He expresses profound astonishment and disclaims any recovery from his surprise

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:304-pg1597-part31:e1:o2:1
# text = He expresses profound astonishment and disclaims any recovery from his surprise
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	expresses	express	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	profound	profound	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	astonishment	astonishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	disclaims	disclaim	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
8	recovery	recovery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	surprise	surprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **express** | present | He | profound astonishment |  |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent astonishment=Theme |
| 2 | **disclaim** | present | He *not said here* | any recovery |  | his surprise |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **surprise** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom surprise «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He reacts with calm indifference and treats the event as ordinary

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:304-pg1597-part31:e1:o3:1
# text = He reacts with calm indifference and treats the event as ordinary
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	reacts	react	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	indifference	indifference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	treats	treat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **react** | present | He |  |  |  |  | with calm indifference | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.predicate»: agent=Agent with indifference=Eventuality |
| 2 | **treat** | present | He *not said here* | the event |  |  |  | as ordinary | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent event=Theme as ordinary=Attribute |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He shows profound astonishment, insisting he has never recovered from the surprise, and asks the restored gentleman to explain everything at once

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:304-pg1597-part31:e1:o4:1
# text = He shows profound astonishment, insisting he has never recovered from the surprise, and asks the restored gentleman to explain everything at once
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	profound	profound	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	astonishment	astonishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	insisting	insist	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	recovered	recover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	ccomp	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	surprise	surprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	asks	ask	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	restored	restore	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	amod	_	_
19	gentleman	gentleman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	explain	explain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	ccomp	_	_
22	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	21	obj	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	21	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | He | profound astonishment |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent astonishment=Recipient |
| 2 | **insist** *speech: other* | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **recover** | present · perfect | he |  |  | the surprise |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from surprise=Source |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | present |  |  | the restored gentleman |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent gentleman=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 5 | **restore** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **explain** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | everything |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Topic |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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