---
title: The car flashed past very close to the cart. Why was that dangerous? — The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p… · tree and pragmatics
description: The car flashed past very close to the cart. Why was that dangerous? Test 8 · ★★ of lesson 31 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 3: The Open Road (life on the road, and a motor-car)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of 
---

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# Test 8 · ★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 3: The Open Road…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car flashed past very close to the cart. Why was that dangerous?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** car · **What happens:** flash, be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 31 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 3: The Open Road (life on the road, and a motor-car)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/31-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The car flashed past very close to the cart.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:31-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop:t8:1
# text = The car flashed past very close to the cart.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flashed	flash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	past	past	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flash** | past | the car |  |  |  |  | close, past *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why was that dangerous?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:31-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop:t8:2
# text = Why was that dangerous?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | dangerous *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It drove so fast and close that the dust blinded everyone and nearly tipped the cart over

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:31-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop:t8:o1:1
# text = It drove so fast and close that the dust blinded everyone and nearly tipped the cart over
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	so	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	close	close	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Typo=Yes|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	blinded	blind	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
11	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	10	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	tipped	tip	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	over	over	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | past | It |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **close** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **blind** | past | the dust | everyone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **tip over** | past | the dust *not said here* | the cart |  |  |  | nearly, over *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cart=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It could have hit them

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:31-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop:t8:o2:1
# text = It could have hit them
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	hit	hit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hit** | could · perfect · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP ADJP»: subject=Patient they=Result |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It knocked over the cart

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:31-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop:t8:o3:1
# text = It knocked over the cart
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	knocked	knock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	over	over	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **knock** | past | It |  |  | the cart |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over cart=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The driver shouted rude things at them and then drove off into the distant forest without stopping

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:31-willows-ch2-part3-poop-poop:t8:o4:1
# text = The driver shouted rude things at them and then drove off into the distant forest without stopping
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	driver	driver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shouted	shout	VERB	VBD	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	_
10	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	off	off	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	into	into	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	distant	distant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
16	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	stopping	stop	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shout** *speech: express* | past | the driver | rude things |  |  |  | at things *= thing* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Topic |
| 2 | **drive off** | past | the driver *not said here* |  |  | the distant forest | then |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent into forest=Trajectory |
| 3 | **stop** | gerund | the driver *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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