---
title: Looking back: in chapter I the Otter laughed «no stability» about To… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p… · tree and pragmatics
description: Looking back: in chapter I the Otter laughed «no stability» about Toad. What proves it in this chapter? Test 12 · ★★★ of lesson 32 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the depende
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/t12/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/) / t12

# Test 12 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Looking back: in chapter I the Otter laughed «no stability» about Toad. What proves it in this chapter?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** I · **What happens:** look back, laugh, prove · **To what, where:** chapter, Otter

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 12 · ★★★ of lesson 32 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/#t12).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Looking back: in chapter I the Otter laughed «no stability» about Toad.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t12:1
# text = Looking back: in chapter I the Otter laughed «no stability» about Toad.
1	Looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
2	back	back	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	chapter	chapter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Otter	Otter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
9	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	12	det	_	_
12	stability	stability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	about	about	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look back** | gerund | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **laugh** | past | I |  |  | chapter |  | about Toad | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What proves it in this chapter?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t12:2
# text = What proves it in this chapter?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	nsubj	_	_
2	proves	prove	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	chapter	chapter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prove** | present |  | Otter |  | this chapter |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Boats, then a cart, now a car — all in one summer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t12:o1:1
# text = Boats, then a cart, now a car — all in one summer
1	Boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
10	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	0	root	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A house-boat, a caravan and a motor-car

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t12:o2:1
# text = A house-boat, a caravan and a motor-car
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	caravan	caravan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	motor	motor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sailing boat, a punt, a house-boat, a caravan and then a car, all within one long summer season

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t12:o3:1
# text = A sailing boat, a punt, a house-boat, a caravan and then a car, all within one long summer season
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sailing	sailing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	punt	punt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	caravan	caravan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	18	advmod	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	appos	_	_
21	within	within	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
22	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
23	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
24	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Boats, then a cart, now a car — all in one summer, and it's sure to be worse next year

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t12:o4:1
# text = Boats, then a cart, now a car — all in one summer, and it's sure to be worse next year
1	Boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
10	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	19	nsubj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	parataxis	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	cop	_	_
22	worse	bad	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	ccomp	_	_
23	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | all |  |  |  |  | sure *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive | all *not said here* |  |  |  | year | bad *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/t11/)
- next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…, test 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/t13/)
- ↑ back to [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/)