--- title: Why is Toad smiling while his cart lies smashed? — The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p… · tree and pragmatics description: Why is Toad smiling while his cart lies smashed? Test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 32 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opti --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/t2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/) / t2 # Test 2 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road… Why is Toad smiling while his cart lies smashed? **Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Toad · **What happens:** smile, smash · **To what, where:** cart This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 32 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/#t2). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t2:1 # text = Why is Toad smiling while his cart lies smashed? 1 Why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 4 advmod _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 Toad Toad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 smiling smile VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 5 while while SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 cart cart NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj:pass _ _ 8 lies lie VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux:pass _ _ 9 smashed smash VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 10 ? ? PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **smile** | present · progressive | Toad | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **smash** | present · passive | | Toad's cart | | | | | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} He's sure the crash was the best thing that ever happened to him ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t2:o1:1 # text = He's sure the crash was the best thing that ever happened to him 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 2 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 sure sure ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 crash crash NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 6 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 best good ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 9 amod _ _ 9 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 ccomp _ _ 10 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 11 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 12 advmod _ _ 12 happened happen VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 acl:relcl _ _ 13 to to ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | He | | | | | sure *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **is a** | past | the crash | the best thing | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **happen** | past | the best thing | | him *= he* | | ever | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 2 {#o2} He's been told he will get a new cart and a horse by Christmas ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t2:o2:1 # text = He's been told he will get a new cart and a horse by Christmas 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 2 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 told tell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 6 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 7 get get VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 ccomp _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 cart cart NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 14 by by ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 Christmas Christmas PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present · passive | | He | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | | 2 | **get** | future | he | a new cart and a horse | | | | by Christmas | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cart=Stimulus | ### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3} He's in love with the motor-car ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t2:o3:1 # text = He's in love with the motor-car 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 2 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 love love NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 5 with with ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 7 motor motor NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 8 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 9 car car NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | He | | | love | | with the motor car | tree rules | ### Option 4 {#o4} He's dreaming of more crashes ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t2:o4:1 # text = He's dreaming of more crashes 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 2 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 dreaming dream VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 6 amod _ _ 6 crashes crash NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **dream** | present · progressive | He | | | | | of more crashes | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/t1/) - next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/t3/) - ↑ back to [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/)