---
title: Toad says to the Rat «I owe it all to you, my best of friends!» Why… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p… · tree and pragmatics
description: Toad says to the Rat «I owe it all to you, my best of friends!» Why is this so annoying for the Rat? Test 7 · ★★★ of lesson 32 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency 
---

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# Test 7 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toad says to the Rat «I owe it all to you, my best of friends!» Why is this so annoying for the Rat?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Toad, this · **What happens:** say, owe, be · **To what, where:** Rat · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 · ★★★ of lesson 32 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Toad says to the Rat «I owe it all to you, my best of friends!»

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t7:1
# text = Toad says to the Rat «I owe it all to you, my best of friends!»
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Rat	Rat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	owe	owe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	12	appos	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: express* | present | Toad |  | the Rat |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to rat=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **owe** *in a quote* | present | Toad | Rat | the Rat *= rat* |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent it=Theme to you=Goal |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why is this so annoying for the Rat?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t7:2
# text = Why is this so annoying for the Rat?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	annoying	annoying	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Rat	Rat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | this |  |  |  |  | for the Rat; annoying *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toad never thanks anyone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t7:o1:1
# text = Toad never thanks anyone
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	thanks	thank	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **thank** *speech: thank* | present | Toad | anyone |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anyone=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The trip wrecked everything

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t7:o2:1
# text = The trip wrecked everything
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wrecked	wreck	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wreck** | past | the trip | everything |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toad is thanking him only because the trip was a disaster for both of them

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t7:o3:1
# text = Toad is thanking him only because the trip was a disaster for both of them
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	thanking	thank	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	disaster	disaster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thank** *speech: thank* | present · progressive | Toad |  | him *= he* |  |  | for both | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent he=Theme for both=Attribute |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the trip | a disaster |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toad thanks him so much that the Rat has to pay for the whole motor-car

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze:t7:o4:1
# text = Toad thanks him so much that the Rat has to pay for the whole motor-car
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	thanks	thank	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	much	much	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Rat	Rat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
14	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
15	motor	motor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thank** *speech: thank* | present | Toad |  | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | present | the Rat |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **pay** | to-infinitive | the Rat *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for the whole motor car | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for car=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…, test 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/t6/)
- next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, p…, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/t8/)
- ↑ back to [The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/32-willows-ch2-part4-the-wreck-and-the-new-craze/)