--- title: What was the principal reason the pirates were defeated in the fight… — Peter Pan, Peter Pan and Wendy, part 2… · tree and pragmatics description: What was the principal reason the pirates were defeated in the fighting? Exam question 4 of lesson 335 «Peter Pan, Peter Pan and Wendy, part 26: the pirates die one by one and Peter faces Hook» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/335-pg16-part26/e4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [Peter Pan, Peter Pan and Wendy, part 2…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/335-pg16-part26/) / e4 # Exam question 4 · Peter Pan, Peter Pan and Wendy, part 26: the pirates die o… What was the principal reason the pirates were defeated in the fighting? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** principal reason · **What happens:** be, defeat · **To what, where:** principal reason, pirates, fighting This is exam question 4 of lesson 335 «Peter Pan, Peter Pan and Wendy, part 26: the pirates die one by one and Peter faces Hook» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/335-pg16-part26/#e4). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:335-pg16-part26:e4:1 # text = What was the principal reason the pirates were defeated in the fighting? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 5 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 principal principal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 reason reason NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 pirates pirate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj:pass _ _ 8 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux:pass _ _ 9 defeated defeat VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 acl:relcl _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 fighting fighting NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 13 ? ? PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | past | | the principal reason | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **defeat** | past · passive | the principal reason *not said here* | the pirates | | the fighting | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} They fought only defensively and never once attacked the boys ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:335-pg16-part26:e4:o1:1 # text = They fought only defensively and never once attacked the boys 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 fought fight VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 only only ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 defensively defensively ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 6 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 8 advmod _ _ 7 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 8 advmod _ _ 8 attacked attack VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 boys boy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fight** | past | They | | | | | defensively *property* | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **not** **attack** | past | They *not said here* | the boys | | | | once *property* | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boy=Patient | ### Option 2 {#o2} They fought only defensively, letting Peter strike from every side at once ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:335-pg16-part26:e4:o2:1 # text = They fought only defensively, letting Peter strike from every side at once 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 fought fight VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 only only ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 defensively defensively ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 letting let VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 7 Peter Peter PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 8 strike strike NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 9 from from ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 11 det _ _ 11 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 12 at at ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 2 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fight** | past | They | | | | | defensively *property* | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **let** | gerund | They *not said here* | Peter strike | | every side | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strike=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} Peter's boys were stronger ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:335-pg16-part26:e4:o3:1 # text = Peter's boys were stronger 1 Peter Peter PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 2 's 's PART POS _ 1 case _ _ 3 boys boy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 4 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 5 stronger strong ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | Peter's boys | | | | | strong *property* | tree rules | ### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4} They fought only defensively ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:335-pg16-part26:e4:o4:1 # text = They fought only defensively 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 fought fight VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 only only ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 defensively defensively ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fight** | past | They | | | | | defensively *property* | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Peter Pan, Peter Pan and Wendy, part 2…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/335-pg16-part26/e3/) - next →: [Peter Pan, Peter Pan, part 27: Hook is…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/336-pg16-part27/t1/) - ↑ back to [Peter Pan, Peter Pan and Wendy, part 26: the pirates die one by one and Peter faces Hook](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/335-pg16-part26/)