---
title: was the sea calm when they set off, or mental? — Tales of Courage, Arnold Winkelried, p… · tree and pragmatics
description: was the sea calm when they set off, or mental? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 348 «Tales of Courage, Arnold Winkelried, part 1: Swiss fighters face the spears, and Winkelried gives his life» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each optio
---

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# Test 3 · ★ · Tales of Courage, Arnold Winkelried, part 1: Swiss fighter…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
was the sea calm when they set off, or mental?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** sea, they · **What happens:** be, set off

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 348 «Tales of Courage, Arnold Winkelried, part 1: Swiss fighters face the spears, and Winkelried gives his life» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/348-pg18442-part8/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:348-pg18442-part8:t3:1
# text = was the sea calm when they set off, or mental?
1	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	off	off	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	mental	mental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the sea |  |  |  |  | calm *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **set off** | past | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **be** |  | the sea *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
mental, massive waves everywhere and the wind was howling loud

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:348-pg18442-part8:t3:o1:1
# text = mental, massive waves everywhere and the wind was howling loud
1	mental	mental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	massive	massive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
5	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	howling	howl	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
11	loud	loud	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **howl** | past · progressive | mental massive waves and the wind |  |  |  |  | loud *property* | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
mental, massive waves everywhere

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:348-pg18442-part8:t3:o2:1
# text = mental, massive waves everywhere
1	mental	mental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	massive	massive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
fairly calm, a bit choppy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:348-pg18442-part8:t3:o3:1
# text = fairly calm, a bit choppy
1	fairly	fairly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	choppy	choppy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
calm at first, then mental waves came crashing in

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:348-pg18442-part8:t3:o4:1
# text = calm at first, then mental waves came crashing in
1	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
6	mental	mental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	crashing	crash	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	xcomp	_	_
10	in	in	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | calm mental waves |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **crash in** | gerund | calm mental waves *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Tales of Courage, Arnold Winkelried, p…, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/348-pg18442-part8/t2/)
- next →: [Tales of Courage, Arnold Winkelried, p…, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/348-pg18442-part8/t4/)
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