---
title: porsena's army was giant, like thousands of horsemen, for real — Tales of Rome, Horatius at the Bridge:… · tree and pragmatics
description: porsena's army was giant, like thousands of horsemen, for real Test 11 · ★ of lesson 352 «Tales of Rome, Horatius at the Bridge: Horatius holds the bridge alone and saves Rome from Porsena's army» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question a
---

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# Test 11 · ★ · Tales of Rome, Horatius at the Bridge: Horatius holds the…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
porsena's army was giant, like thousands of horsemen, for real

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** army · **What happens:** be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 352 «Tales of Rome, Horatius at the Bridge: Horatius holds the bridge alone and saves Rome from Porsena's army» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/352-pg18442-part12/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:352-pg18442-part12:t11:1
# text = porsena's army was giant, like thousands of horsemen, for real
1	porsena	porsena	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	horsemen	horseman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | porsena's army |  |  |  |  | like thousands of horsemen; giant *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | porsena's army *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
they marched fast

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:352-pg18442-part12:t11:o1:1
# text = they marched fast
1	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	marched	march	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **march** | past | they |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
they came crossing the eastern rivers near rome

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:352-pg18442-part12:t11:o2:1
# text = they came crossing the eastern rivers near rome
1	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	crossing	cross	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	eastern	eastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	near	near	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	rome	rome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | they |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cross** | gerund | they *not said here* | the eastern rivers |  | rome |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
they came riding through the southern valleys

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:352-pg18442-part12:t11:o3:1
# text = they came riding through the southern valleys
1	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	riding	ride	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	southern	southern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	valleys	valley	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **ride** | gerund | they *not said here* |  |  | the southern valleys |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through valley=Trajectory |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
they came marching over the northern hills toward rome

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:352-pg18442-part12:t11:o4:1
# text = they came marching over the northern hills toward rome
1	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	marching	march	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	rome	rome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | they |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **march** | gerund | they *not said here* |  |  | the northern hills |  | toward rome | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over hill=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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