---
title: caesar's village mayor was so extra, struting around like a boss — Tales of Rome, Horatius at the Bridge:… · tree and pragmatics
description: caesar's village mayor was so extra, struting around like a boss Test 3 · ★ of lesson 352 «Tales of Rome, Horatius at the Bridge: Horatius holds the bridge alone and saves Rome from Porsena's army» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question 
---

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# Test 3 · ★ · Tales of Rome, Horatius at the Bridge: Horatius holds the…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
caesar's village mayor was so extra, struting around like a boss

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** village mayor · **What happens:** be, strute around

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 352 «Tales of Rome, Horatius at the Bridge: Horatius holds the bridge alone and saves Rome from Porsena's army» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/352-pg18442-part12/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:352-pg18442-part12:t3:1
# text = caesar's village mayor was so extra, struting around like a boss
1	caesar	caesar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	mayor	mayor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	struting	strute	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
10	around	around	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	boss	boss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | caesar's village mayor |  |  |  |  | extra *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **strute around** | gerund | caesar's village mayor *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a boss; around *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
caesar said he'd rather be head of a village than second in rome

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:352-pg18442-part12:t3:o1:1
# text = caesar said he'd rather be head of a village than second in rome
1	caesar	caesar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	'd	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	rather	rather	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
7	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	than	than	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	2	obl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	rome	rome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | caesar |  |  | rome |  | than second | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in rome=Manner |
| 2 | **is a** | would | caesar | head |  |  |  | of a village | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
he'd rather be mayor

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:352-pg18442-part12:t3:o2:1
# text = he'd rather be mayor
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'd	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	rather	rather	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
5	mayor	mayor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | would | he | mayor |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
caesar said he'd rather lead a village than follow in rome

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:352-pg18442-part12:t3:o3:1
# text = caesar said he'd rather lead a village than follow in rome
1	caesar	caesar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	'd	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	rather	rather	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	lead	lead	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	follow	follow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	rome	rome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | caesar |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **lead** | would | caesar | a village |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent village=Patient clause=Result |
| 3 | **follow** | infinitive | a village *not said here* |  |  | rome |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in rome=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
caesar said he'd prefer to rule a town than be a senator

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:352-pg18442-part12:t3:o4:1
# text = caesar said he'd prefer to rule a town than be a senator
1	caesar	caesar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	'd	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	prefer	prefer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	rule	rule	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	than	than	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	senator	senator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | caesar |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **prefer** | would | caesar |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **rule** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | caesar *not said here* | a town |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent town=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | than a senator | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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