---
title: Which of the following best describes the reason the young Kid remai… — The Æsop for Children, The Wolf and th… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following best describes the reason the young Kid remained in the pasture after the flock departed? Exam question 1 of lesson 362 «The Æsop for Children, The Wolf and the Kid: a kid who dances for a wolf is saved by the Shepherd Dogs» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with t
---

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# Exam question 1 · The Æsop for Children, The Wolf and the Kid: a kid who dan…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following best describes the reason the young Kid remained in the pasture after the flock departed?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** young Kid, flock · **What happens:** follow, describe, remain, depart · **To what, where:** reason, pasture

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 362 «The Æsop for Children, The Wolf and the Kid: a kid who dances for a wolf is saved by the Shepherd Dogs» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/362-pg19994-part1/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:362-pg19994-part1:e1:1
# text = Which of the following best describes the reason the young Kid remained in the pasture after the flock departed?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	case	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	nmod	_	_
6	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	Kid	Kid	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	remained	remain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	pasture	pasture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	flock	flock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	departed	depart	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  | the reason |  |  |  | of the best | tree rules |
| 3 | **remain** | past | the young Kid | the reason *not said here* |  | the pasture |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme reason=Attribute |
| 4 | **depart** | participle | the flock |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He had been warned by the Shepherd Dogs that wolves prowl near the pasture but he refused to believe it at all

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:362-pg19994-part1:e1:o1:1
# text = He had been warned by the Shepherd Dogs that wolves prowl near the pasture but he refused to believe it at all
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	warned	warn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obj	_	_
10	wolves	wolf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	prowl	prowl	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	near	near	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	pasture	pasture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	refused	refuse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	believe	believe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	at	at	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	19	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past · perfect · passive | the Shepherd Dogs | He |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **prowl** | present | wolves | the Shepherd Dogs |  | the pasture |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme that=Trajectory |
| 3 | **refuse** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **believe** | to-infinitive | he *not said here* | pasture |  | all |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He felt that the flock was too slow and wished to explore freely

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:362-pg19994-part1:e1:o2:1
# text = He felt that the flock was too slow and wished to explore freely
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	flock	flock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	too	too	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	wished	wish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	explore	explore	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
13	freely	freely	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | past | the flock |  |  |  |  | slow *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **wish** | participle | the flock *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 4 | **explore** | to-infinitive | the flock *not said here* |  |  |  |  | freely *property* | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He believed his growing horns had made him capable of looking after himself

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:362-pg19994-part1:e1:o3:1
# text = He believed his growing horns had made him capable of looking after himself
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	believed	believe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	capable	capable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
10	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
12	after	after	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **grow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | past · perfect · passive |  | his growing horns |  |  |  | capable *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary he=Product |
| 4 | **look** | gerund |  |  |  |  | after himself *= he* |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was tricked into staying behind by a cunning wolf who promised him a rich meal of clover and sweet grass

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:362-pg19994-part1:e1:o4:1
# text = He was tricked into staying behind by a cunning wolf who promised him a rich meal of clover and sweet grass
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	tricked	trick	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	staying	stay	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	behind	behind	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	cunning	cunning	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	promised	promise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	iobj	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	clover	clover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trick** | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **stay** | gerund |  | a rich meal of clover and sweet grass |  |  |  | by a cunning wolf; behind *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by wolf=Location |
| 3 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past | a cunning wolf |  | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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