---
title: Looking back: in chapter I, how did the Badger behave at the picnic… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, p… · tree and pragmatics
description: Looking back: in chapter I, how did the Badger behave at the picnic by the river? Test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 37 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 1: Mr. Badger (the door in the snow and the fire-lit kitchen)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics 
---

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# Test 9 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 1: Mr. Badger (t…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Looking back: in chapter I, how did the Badger behave at the picnic by the river?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Badger · **What happens:** look back, behave · **To what, where:** picnic

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 37 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 1: Mr. Badger (the door in the snow and the fire-lit kitchen)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/37-willows-ch4-part1-mr-badger/#t9).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:37-willows-ch4-part1-mr-badger:t9:1
# text = Looking back: in chapter I, how did the Badger behave at the picnic by the river?
1	Looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	back	back	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	chapter	chapter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	12	advmod	_	_
9	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Badger	Badger	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	behave	behave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	picnic	picnic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look back** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | in chapter | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in chapter=Theme |
| 2 | **behave** | past · do-support | the Badger |  |  | the picnic |  | by the river | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gave them a cold, grumpy welcome

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:37-willows-ch4-part1-mr-badger:t9:o1:1
# text = Gave them a cold, grumpy welcome
1	Gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	grumpy	grumpy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	welcome	welcome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past |  | them *= they* |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient cold=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grunted «H'm! Company» and turned away, then sulked all afternoon before leaving them alone by the river

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Grunted «H'm!

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:37-willows-ch4-part1-mr-badger:t9:o2:1
# text = Grunted «H'm!
1	Grunted	grunt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	H	h	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grunt** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Company» and turned away, then sulked all afternoon before leaving them alone by the river

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:37-willows-ch4-part1-mr-badger:t9:o2:2
# text = Company» and turned away, then sulked all afternoon before leaving them alone by the river
1	Company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	away	away	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
8	sulked	sulk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	afternoon	afternoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn away** *in a quote* | past | Company |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **sulk** *in a quote* | past | Company *not said here* |  |  |  | then; afternoon |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **leave** *in a quote* | gerund | Company *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  | by the river; alone *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Theme by river=Location |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grunted «H'm! Company» and turned away

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Grunted «H'm!

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:37-willows-ch4-part1-mr-badger:t9:o3:1
# text = Grunted «H'm!
1	Grunted	grunt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	H	h	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grunt** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Company» and turned away

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:37-willows-ch4-part1-mr-badger:t9:o3:2
# text = Company» and turned away
1	Company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	away	away	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn away** *in a quote* | past | Company |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grunted «H'm! Company» and turned away, refusing even to look at the Mole's picnic basket or lunch

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Grunted «H'm!

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:37-willows-ch4-part1-mr-badger:t9:o4:1
# text = Grunted «H'm!
1	Grunted	grunt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	H	h	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grunt** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Company» and turned away, refusing even to look at the Mole's picnic basket or lunch

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:37-willows-ch4-part1-mr-badger:t9:o4:2
# text = Company» and turned away, refusing even to look at the Mole's picnic basket or lunch
1	Company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	away	away	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	refusing	refuse	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
8	even	even	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Mole	mole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	's	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	picnic	picnic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	basket	basket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn away** *in a quote* | past | Company |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **refuse** *in a quote* | gerund | Company *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **look** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | Company *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the Mole's picnic basket or lunch | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at basket=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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